While the chief feature of the volume embraces the phosphorescence of animals, it has been deemed advisable to include reference to luminous plants, minerals, and certain atmospheric phenomena, which, if not strictly comprehended under our title, will perhaps not be considered entirely foreign nor uninteresting in this connection. It is my agreeable duty to acknowledge here the courtesy and kindly attentions received from M. Raphaël Dubois of the Zoölogical Society of France; Professor H. Filhol; Professor H. H. Giglioli, Director of the Zoölogical Institute of Florence, Italy; Professor Carlo Emery of the University of Bologna, Italy; and M. Zenger of Prague, Hungary, who generously forwarded for my use their most recent papers on the subject of phosphorescence. I have also to name with thanks for similar favors Dr. Gunther, keeper of the British Museum, and acknowledge the value of contributions from the works of M. Quatrefages of the Institute of France. C. F. H. PASADENA, CAL., July, 1887. CONTENTS. CHAPTER PAGE I. STARS OF THE SEA 1 II. THE METEORS OF THE SEA 10 III. FIXED LUMINARIES OF THE SEA 19 IV. LUMINOUS ECHINODERMS 29 V. SUBTERRANEAN LIGHT-GIVERS 33 VI. LAMP SHELLS 40 VII. LIGHTNING-BUGS 47 VIII. FIRE-FLIES 59 IX. LANTERN-FLIES 64 X. BY CRAB-LIGHT 72 XI. SEAS OF FLAME 80 XII. FINNY LIGHT-BEARERS 91 XIII. FINNY LIGHT-BEARERS (SURFACE FORMS) 103 XIV. LUMINOUS BIRDS AND OTHER ANIMALS 108 XV. MAN’S RELATIONS TO THE PHENOMENON OF PHOSPHORESCENCE 116 XVI. LUMINOUS FLOWERS 121 XVII. VEGETABLE LAMPS 127 XVIII. PHANTOMS 140 XIX. LUMINOUS SHOWERS 144 XX. THE USES OF PHOSPHORESCENCE 160 APPENDIX 169 BIBLIOGRAPHY 179 INDEX 185 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.