Londinium, Architecture and the CraftsLethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
History
Londinium, Architecture and the Crafts
Lethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
England -- Antiquities, Roman; London (England) -- Antiquities, Roman; Romans -- England -- London
In the London Museum is an enamelled brooch in the form of a fish (Fig.
167). As the fish was a well-known Christian symbol, we may hardly doubt
that this brooch must be counted among our Christian antiquities. It is
exactly similar to a brooch illustrated by Mr. Ward (_Roman Era_, Fig.
75) as having been found in Rotherley. They are duplicates, and must
have come from the same “shop.” In _V.C.H._ it is recorded that a
fish-shaped enamelled fibula was found in excavations at London Wall in
1901-5 (compare _Builder_, December 13, 1902). This may be the same
piece. At Silchester a plain bronze brooch in fish form was found (Fig.
168). The fish symbol in an almost identical form is found engraved on a
pewter dish, one of a set found at Appleshaw (Hants) and now in the
British Museum (Fig. 169); the dish itself on which it appears is
sometimes described as fish-shaped, but it was rather a long oval with
projections at the ends. Another of the same set of pewter pieces has
the XP monogram engraved on it (Fig. 170). As a third of the pieces is
of the form of a chalice, there seems to be every reason to regard the
whole set as church plate, and I find this definitely asserted in an
article in the _Athenæum_ (August 11, 1906): “In 1890 a body was found
at Reading lying east and west, together with Roman British relics, and
a lead plate bearing three crosses; near by was another skeleton with a
small pewter chalice. This may be accepted as the grave of a Christian
priest. This chalice should be compared with that of a Roman altar set
of pewter recently found at Appleshaw.”
[Illustration:
FIG. 170.
]
As said before, when tombs and coffins were discussed, it is probable
that some of these represent Christian burials. A coin of the Emperor
Gratian bearing the monogram of Christ was found at Smithfield, together
with some wooden coffins, and it was probably buried as a sign of faith
(_V.C.H._). Two or three rough stone coffins found in Kent seem to have
been Christian. The first bishops of the Saxon church at Canterbury were
interred in stone coffins of a Roman type.
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