Londinium, Architecture and the Crafts — John Shaqi
Londinium, Architecture and the CraftsLethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
History
Londinium, Architecture and the Crafts
Lethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
England -- Antiquities, Roman; London (England) -- Antiquities, Roman; Romans -- England -- London
Here also one of the walls was found to be lined with flanged tiles, set
thus, │__││__│, with the flanges against the walls. This may have been a
provision against a damp wall. I have seen a similar wall in Rome—I
believe subterranean—also another very similar where large flat tiles,
having four projections at the back like short legs to a low stool, were
used as linings. Each of the four studs was pierced for a nail.
Fragments of tiles found at Newgate in 1877 were about 1½ ft. square and
1¼ in. thick, “with rough clay stubs for attachment”; they were scored
over the surface with wavy lines, and were probably used internally. (In
_V.C.H._ it is said that these may have been mediæval, but the examples
just given show that they were Roman.) In the British Museum and at the
Guildhall are some flat tiles, scored on one side to receive plastering,
and with four notches in the sides to allow of nails being driven
between two adjoining tiles. These, too, must have been for wall
linings.
The impressed patterns on the surfaces of some of these flue tiles are
quite neat and pretty, and they are interesting in the history of design
as being “all-over patterns.” In some cases at least, they seem to have
been produced by a roller having a unit of the design cut on it in the
style of a butter print. A tile found in Kent, illustrated by Haverfield
(_Romanization_, p. 33), has the inscription: “Cabriabanus made this
wall-tile” (_parietalam_)—“The man who made the tiles apparently incised
the legend on a wooden cylinder and rolled it over the tiles, producing
a recurrent inscription.” The patterns superseded the scorings and seem
to have been for the same purpose—to afford a better hold for the
plaster than a plain face. Fig. 13 is of tiles found in Thames Street.
Fig. 14 is a fragment illustrated in Roach Smith’s Catalogue.
[Illustration:
FIG. 13.
]
[Illustration:
FIG. 14.
]
Inscriptions roughly scratched on tiles led the late Dr. Haverfield to
the conclusion that ordinary workers in Britain wrote Latin. At the
Guildhall a tile has a humorous note about a workman who went off “on
his own” too often. In the British Museum a tile has _Primus_, and one
from Silchester has _Satis_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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