Londinium, Architecture and the Crafts — John Shaqi
Londinium, Architecture and the CraftsLethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
History
Londinium, Architecture and the Crafts
Lethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
England -- Antiquities, Roman; London (England) -- Antiquities, Roman; Romans -- England -- London
Beyond the statement quoted from Brock no identification of the building
is offered in _Archæologia_, and Mr. Bushe-Fox thought that if the walls
were contemporary they could not belong to a Basilica. “If there were a
nave with two aisles and an apse there would be no reason for the cross
wall, nor for the excessive thickness of the side wall. The building had
perhaps been a bath; the wall which ended abruptly at the west end was
probably a flue for heating the apse, and the large drain would be
accounted for” (_Proceedings_, 1914-5). That the building was indeed the
civil Basilica of Londinium is proved to my mind by: A comparison of the
plan with those of other British Basilicas—notice the way that the apse
is within straight external walls, and compare Fig. 21; by the great
scale of the work; by its central position in the City; by the scale and
character of the construction; by the fact that the only possible
alternative seems to be the supposition that it was the great Bath of
the City, and for this neither the planning nor the situation seems
suitable; by the exceptional wall decorations described below; by the
fact that a tile bearing the official stamp PR-BRILON was found on the
site (Price). It is a remarkable fact that Leadenhall was the market,
and that the Crossing at Cornhill was the carfax of London during the
Middle Ages.
We have seen above that Brock said that fragments of painting were found
on the site. In the British Museum are four pieces of wall painting,
given by Mr. Hilton Price—1 and 2 in 1882, and 3 and 4 in 1883; the
first pair are said to be from Leadenhall, the second pair from
Leadenhall Market. One and 3 are fragments of large-scale scrolls of
ornamental foliage of a grey-green colour; 2 is a piece of large-scale
drapery, and 4 is part of a life-sized foot. These four remarkable
fragments evidently form one group and came from the Basilica. The large
scale of the ornament and figure work differentiates these pieces of
painted plaster from all others found in London. At Silchester and
Cirencester fragments of marble wall linings have been found on the
sites of the Basilicas, and some of the marble fragments in the British
Museum may have come from our Basilica, which must have been a handsome,
indeed splendid, civic centre. In the Forum would have been statues of
Emperors, and in the Basilica some impersonation of Londinium itself
(cf. the fragment of such a figure found at Silchester, now at Reading).
[Illustration:
FIG. 23.
]
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