Londinium, Architecture and the CraftsLethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
History
Londinium, Architecture and the Crafts
Lethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
England -- Antiquities, Roman; London (England) -- Antiquities, Roman; Romans -- England -- London
“MY DEAR FAIRHOLT,—I have given Richards £10 for you.... In the
Guildhall is a fragment of a large inscription from Nicholas
Lane which we should give rather large. It lay just within the
lower door of the Library. The letters are deeply cut and should
be shown clear. Can you see if the stone be _broken_? [Sketch.]
Note if letter 4, line 1, be a C, and please measure it. It is
most important. I suppose it is half the original length.—Yours
sincerely,
“C. R. SMITH.”
[Illustration:
FIG. 130.
]
[Illustration:
FIG. 131.
]
The stone had disappeared and has never been heard of since. The size
was recorded by Birch as 2 ft. 4 in. high, and 3 ft. wide on the face.
_V.C.H._ says 6 ft. long, but this is a mistake. Fortunately a careful
drawing of the stone was made by Archer, which is preserved in the
British Museum (Fig. 130). Archer’s drawing confirms Roach Smith’s
reading of C at the end of the first line next a vertical joint. My
sketch by Roach Smith seems to be the only other record (Fig. 131). In
_Illustrations of Roman London_, he says: “It was found close to a wall,
and there is reason to think other stones having the remainder of the
inscription were not far off from the one excavated. In the present year
(1859), being desirous to compare it with my sketch, I ascertained it
was not to be found. The stone was between 2 and 3 ft. in length. The
fourth letter in the first line appeared to me when I made the sketch
more like a C (which I considered it to be) than it seems to be in the
woodcut. From the magnitude of the stone and the character of the
letters it is clear that the inscription surmounted the entrance of some
public edifice, apparently a temple. It is probably the commencement of
a dedication which occupied two or four stones. The wider distance from
the top than of the third line from the bottom weighs in favour of the
belief that we have only the first quarter. There can be no doubt that
NVM should read _Numini_, and that PROV BRITA should be read _Provincia
Britannia_; the supposed equal length of the second stone and the number
of letters required, render this reading obvious. Seneca and Tacitus
concur as to a temple having been erected in Britain to the Emperor
Claudius; the latter locates it at Camuludunum. This temple was probably
erected soon after the subjugation of the Trinobantes. It may be readily
conceived that Londinium possessed some edifice dedicated to that
emperor. Although it is impossible to decide positively, we cannot avoid
associating the historical evidence with an inscription which must have
been of an early period, of a rare class, and almost unique in this
country.” This idea that there were formerly four stones is now much
strengthened by the fact that a curiously similar temple dedication is
illustrated by Espèrandieu (iv. p. 126) from D’Yzeures. This inscription
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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