London (England) -- Description and travel; London (England) -- History -- 18th century
Coffee-houses are almost as numerous as ale-houses, dispersed in every
part of the town, where they sell tea, coffee, chocolate, drams, and in
many of the great ones arrack and other punch, wine, &c. These consist
chiefly of one large common room, with good fires in winter; and hither
the middle sort of people chiefly resort, many to breakfast, read the
news, and talk politics; after which they retire home: others, who are
strangers in town, meet here about noon, and appoint some tavern to dine
at; and a great many attend at the coffee-houses near the Exchange, the
Inns of Court, and Westminster, about their business. In the afternoon
about four, people resort to these places again, from whence they adjourn
to the tavern, the play, &c.; and some, when they have taken a handsome
dose, run to the coffee-house at midnight for a dish of coffee to set
them right; while others conclude the day here with drams, or a bowl of
punch.
There are but few cider-houses about London, though this be liquor of
English growth, because it is generally thought too cold for the climate,
and to elevate the spirits less than wine or strong beer.
The four grand distinctions of the people are these:—(1) The nobility and
gentry; (2) the merchants and first-rate tradesmen; (3) the lawyers and
physicians; and (4) inferior tradesmen, attorneys, clerks, apprentices,
coachmen, carmen, chairmen, watermen, porters, and servants.
The first class may not only be divided into nobility and gentry, but
into either such as have dependence on the Court, or such as have none.
Those who have offices, places, or pensions from the Court, or any
expectations from thence, constantly attend the levées of the prince and
his ministers, which takes up the greatest part of the little morning
they have. At noon most of the nobility, and such gentlemen as are
members of the House of Commons, go down to Westminster, and when the
Houses do not sit late, return home to dinner. Others that are not
members of either House, and have no particular business to attend, are
found in the chocolate-houses near the Court, or in the park, and many
more do not stir from their houses till after dinner. As to the ladies,
who seldom rise till about noon, the first part of their time is spent,
after the duties of the closet, either at the tea-table or in dressing,
unless they take a turn to Covent Garden or Ludgate Hill, and tumble over
the mercers’ rich silks, or view some India or China trifle, some
prohibited manufacture, or foreign lace.
Thus, the business of the day being despatched before dinner, both by the
ladies and gentlemen, the evening is devoted to pleasure; all the world
get abroad in their gayest equipage between four and five in the evening,
some bound to the play, others to the opera, the assembly, the
masquerade, or music-meeting, to which they move in such crowds that
their coaches can scarce pass the streets.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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