Pepys, who always did the right and fashionable thing, of course often went to Greenwich, and mentions many pleasant days there. On one occasion (June 16, 1662) he went “in the afternoon with all the children by water to Greenwich, where I showed them the King’s yacht, the house, and the parke, all very pleasant; and to the taverne, and had the musique of the house, and so merrily home again.” This excursion having been so successful, he soon after escorted Lady Carteret with great pride, “she being very fine, and her page carrying up her train, she staying a little at my house, and then walked through the garden, and took water, and went first on board the King’s pleasure-boat, which pleased her much. Then to Greenwiche Parke; and with much ado she was able to walk up to the top of the hill, and so down again, and took boat....” His wife and servants, unencumbered by the fine clothes and the page, had evidently not minded the steep ascent as did this “fine” lady, who, however, was “much pleased with the ramble in every particular of it.” Greenwich Fair was always a great institution, and as a rule it was a riotous and disorderly gathering. Two took place each year, in May and October, and lasted several days. During the seventeenth and following centuries the fairs were notorious, and finally had to be suppressed in the middle of the nineteenth. When William III. altered the building of Charles II. from a palace to a hospital for seamen in 1694 the Park was kept separate, and the Ranger lived in the “Queen’s House.” It was not until Princess Sophia held the office in 1816 that the residence was changed to the house which still goes by the name of the Ranger’s Lodge, and was lived in by the last Ranger, Lord Wolseley. This Ranger’s House had formerly belonged to Lord Chesterfield, and many of the famous letters to his godson are dated from there. No special feature in the garden, which was thrown open to the public with the Park in 1898, can be attributed to him. He was not, as Lord Carnarvon’s memoir of him points out, fond of the country; though he “took some interest in growing fruit in his garden at Blackheath, he had no love for his garden like Bacon” or Sir William Temple. There are some fine trees in the grounds, especially a copper beech, with a spread 57 feet in diameter, and a good tulip tree. Queen Caroline, as Princess of Wales, was Ranger in 1806, and lived in Montague House, since pulled down, and the “Queen’s House” was appropriated to the Royal Naval School. At the same time the “Ranger’s” was inhabited by the Duchess of Brunswick, her mother, and it was on her death that it was purchased by the Crown, and Princess Sophia, daughter of the Duke of Gloucester, came to live there as Ranger. The last royal personage to stay in the house was the Duke of Connaught, when studying at Woolwich; and now it serves as refreshment rooms for the numberless trippers who enjoy Greenwich Park in the summer.