Lord Byron as a satirist in verseFuess, Claude Moore
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Lord Byron as a satirist in verse
Fuess, Claude Moore
Byron, George Gordon Byron, Baron, 1788-1824 -- Criticism and interpretation; Verse satire, English -- History and criticism
In his satire on “the first gentleman of Europe,” Byron was both less
prolific and more savage than Moore. His satiric spirit, as usual, was
stimulated by particular incidents which offered an opportunity for
timely comment. It had been ascertained accidentally that Charles I
had been buried in the vault with Henry VIII; and on April 1, 1813,
the Regent was present at the opening of the coffins containing the
ashes of the two sovereigns. This episode Byron made the theme of two
short satires: _Windsor Poetics_, circulated in manuscript among his
friends, but not printed until 1819; and the lines _On a Royal Visit to
the Vaults_, published first in 1904. The point in both poems is the
same--that George combines the vices of his two predecessors:
“Charles to his people, Henry to his wife,--
In him the double tyrant starts to life.”
In mentioning _Windsor Poetics_, the better of the two poems, to Moore,
Byron confessed, with some discernment: “It is too _farouche_; but,
truth to say, my satires are not very playful.”[159]
The vindictive seriousness of Byron’s satire, as contrasted with
Moore’s playfulness, is nowhere better shown than in the _Condolatory
Address to Sarah, Countess of Jersey_, printed without his permission
in the _Champion_, July 31, 1814, after it had been sent to the lady
herself in a letter of May 29. Once a favorite of the Regent’s, Lady
Jersey had incurred his dislike by her kindness to the deserted
Princess of Wales, with the result that the Prince returned to Mrs.
Mee, the painter, a miniature of the Countess, and announced his
intention of ignoring her. Byron, who had been more than once the
guest of Lady Jersey, saw a chance to strike a blow in her defense by
assailing the Regent, and his lines on that ruler are scathing:
“If he, that Vain Old Man, whom truth admits
Heir of his father’s crown, and of his wits,
If his corrupted eye and withered heart,
Could with thy gentle image bear to part;
That tasteless shame be _his_, and ours the grief
To gaze on Beauty’s band without its chief.”
In satire of this sort there is nothing sportive or delicate; it is
sheer invective of the kind which Byron had used on Clarke and was to
employ against Castlereagh.
Byron never became reconciled to the Regent, not even when, as George
IV, the latter ascended the throne. Indeed what is probably the poet’s
most bitter estimate of his sovereign was sent in a letter to Moore on
September 17, 1821--the lines now entitled _The Irish Avatar_. Queen
Caroline had died on August 7, 1821, shortly after the failure of her
husband to secure a divorce, and not over a week later, the king was
feasted with regal pomp at Dublin by the servile Irish office-holders.
The combination of circumstances was fit material for satire, and Byron
spoke out in stanzas that ring with rage and contempt:--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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