Lord Byron as a satirist in verseFuess, Claude Moore
History
Lord Byron as a satirist in verse
Fuess, Claude Moore
Byron, George Gordon Byron, Baron, 1788-1824 -- Criticism and interpretation; Verse satire, English -- History and criticism
At the end of nearly every canto of the _Morgante_ is a promise of
continuation, so phrased as to seem conventional: _e. g._,
“Come io diro ne l’altro mio cantare.”
The same custom became common with Byron, in such lines as,
“Let this fifth canto meet with due applause,
The sixth shall have a touch of the sublime.”[257]
There is, however, one important distinction between the two poets
in their use of the digression: Pulci employs it for cursory comment
on his story, or for chat about himself; Byron utilizes it not only
for these purposes, but also for the expression of satire. It is in
his digressions that he speaks out directly against individuals,
institutions, and society in general. The _Morgante_ is a tale, with an
occasional remark by the author; _Don Juan_ is a monologue, sustained
by a narrative framework.
Pulci’s comparison of his poetry to a boat is introduced so frequently
that it may possibly have suggested the figure to Byron. A typical
instance of its usage may be quoted in the lines:--
“Io me n’andro con la barchetta mia,
Quanto l’acqua comporta un picciol legno.”[258]
Byron’s employment of the metaphor is also somewhat frequent:--
“At the least I have shunned the common shore,
And leaving land far out of sight, would skim
The Ocean of Eternity: the roar
Of breakers has not daunted my slight, trim,
But _still_ seaworthy skiff; and she may float,
Where ships have foundered, as doth many a boat.”[259]
It should be added that the brief “grace before meat,” so apparently
truely devotional in phraseology, which Pulci prefixed to each of
his cantos, and the equally orthodox epilogues in which he gave
a benediction to his readers, are his own peculiarity, borrowed
unquestionably from the street improvisatori. There is nothing
corresponding to them in _Don Juan_.
Both Pulci and Byron were men of wide reading, and not averse to
displaying and making use of their information. Pulci treats the older
poets without reverence: he quotes Dante’s “dopo la dolorosa rotta”
without acknowledgment[260]; he burlesques the famous phrase about
Aristotle by having Morgante call Margutte “il mæstro di color che
sanno”; and he alludes to Petrarch with a wink:--
“O sommo amore, o nuova cortesia!
Vedi che forse ognun si crede ancora,
Che questo verso del Petrarca fa:
Ed è gia tanto, e’ lo disse Rinaldo;
Ma chi non ruba è chiamato rubaldo.”[261]
This recalls Byron’s exhortation at the end of _Don Juan_, I, when,
after quoting four lines from Southey, he adds:
“The first four rhymes are Southey’s every line:
For God’s sake, reader! take them not for mine.”
In a similar way Byron gives four lines from Campbell’s _Gertrude of
Wyoming_, and comments upon them in _Don Juan_, I, 88–89.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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