Lord Byron as a satirist in verseFuess, Claude Moore
History
Lord Byron as a satirist in verse
Fuess, Claude Moore
Byron, George Gordon Byron, Baron, 1788-1824 -- Criticism and interpretation; Verse satire, English -- History and criticism
This discussion would be incomplete if it did not mention Pulci’s
fondness for philosophical reflection, meditations on life and death,
on joy and sorrow. Volpi has attempted to demonstrate that Pulci, like
many so-called humorists, was really, under the mask, a sad man. In
making good this thesis he takes such lines as these as indicative of
Pulci’s true attitude towards the problems of existence:--
“Questa nostra mortal caduca vista
Fasciata ē sempre d’un oscuro velo;
E spesso il vero scambia alia menzogna;
Poi si risveglia, come fa chi sogna.”[262]
However this may be, it is certain that Pulci, in his more thoughtful
moods, inclined to pessimism and intellectual scepticism.
“Pulci’s versification,” says Foscolo, “is remarkably fluent; yet he
is deficient in melody.” Another critic, the author of the brief note
in the _Parnaso Italiano_, mentions his rapidity and his compression:
“Tu troverai pochi poeti, che viaggino so velocemente, come il Pulci,
il qualo in otti versi dice spesso piu di otte cose.” For this fluency
and its corresponding lack of rhythm, the conversational tone of the
_Morgante_ is largely responsible. The many colloquial digressions
and the use of common idioms hinder any approach to a grand style.
Pulci’s indifference to the strict demands of metre, his employment of
abrupt and disconnected phrases, and his frequent sacrifice of melody
to vigor and compactness, are also characteristic of Byron’s method
in his Italian satires. Although _Don Juan_ contains some of Byron’s
most musical passages, it nevertheless gives the impression of having
been, like the _Morgante_, composed for an audience, the speaker
being, perhaps, governed by rough notes, but tempted from his theme
into extemporaneous observations, and caring so little for regularity
or unity of structure that he feels no compunction about obeying the
inclination of the moment. It is not without some acuteness that he
alludes to,
“Mine irregularity of chime,
Which rings what’s uppermost of new or hoary,
Just as I feel the _Improvvisatore_.”[263]
Specifically in the field of satire, Pulci’s work, important though it
was in some features of style and manner,[264] exercised its greatest
influence on Byron’s mood. The chastening effect of Byron’s life on
his poetic genius had made him peculiarly receptive to the spirit of
Pulci’s poem; and accordingly the Italian poet taught him to take life
and his enemies somewhat less seriously, to be more tolerant and more
genial, to make playfulness and humor join with vituperation in his
satire. Byron’s satiric spirit, through his contact with Pulci, became
more sympathetic, and therefore more universal.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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