Lord Kelvin: An account of his scientific life and workGray, Andrew
Science
Lord Kelvin: An account of his scientific life and work
Gray, Andrew
Kelvin, William Thomson, Baron, 1824-1907
On one occasion, after working out part of a calculation on the long
fixed blackboard on the wall behind the table, his chalk gave out, and
he dropped his hand down to the long ledge which projected from the
bottom of the board to find another piece. None was just there; and he
had to walk a step or two to obtain one. So he enjoined McFarlane, his
assistant, who was always in attendance, to have a sufficient number of
pieces on the ledge in future, to enable him to find one handy wherever
he might need it. McFarlane forgot the injunction, or could not obtain
more chalk at the time, and the same thing happened next day. So the
command was issued, "McFarlane, I told you to get plenty of chalk, and
you haven't done it. Now have a hundred pieces of chalk on this ledge
to-morrow; remember, a hundred pieces; I will count them!" McFarlane,
afraid to be caught napping again, sent that afternoon for several boxes
of chalk, and carefully laid the new shining white sticks on the shelf,
all neatly parallel at an angle to the edge. The shelf was about sixteen
feet long, so that there was one piece of chalk for every two inches,
and the effect was very fine. The class next morning was delighted, and
very appreciative of McFarlane's diligence. Thomson came in, put up his
eye-glass, looked at the display, smiled sweetly, and, turning to the
applauding students, began his lecture.
From time to time there were special experiments, which excited the
interest of the class to an extraordinary degree. One was the
determination of the velocity of a bullet fired from a rifle into a
Robins ballistic pendulum. The pendulum, consisting of a massive bob of
lead attached to a rigid frame of iron bars turning about knife-edges,
was set up behind the lecture-table, and the bullet was fired by Thomson
from a Jacob rifle into the bob of the pendulum. The velocity was
deduced from the deflection of the pendulum, its known moment of inertia
about the line of the knife-edges, the distance of the line of fire from
that line, and the mass of the bullet.
In some of the notices of Lord Kelvin that have appeared in the
newspapers, the imagination of the writers has converted the Jacob rifle
into one which Professor Thomson carried in the early years of the
volunteer movement, as a member of a Glasgow corps. It is still used in
the Natural Philosophy Department for the same experiment, and is a
muzzle-loading rifle of large calibre, which throws an ounce bullet. It
was invented by the well-known Indian sportsman, Colonel Jacob, for
big-game shooting in India. Thomson held a commission as captain in the
K (or University) Company of rifle volunteers, and so did not shoulder a
rifle, except when he may have indulged in target practice.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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