Lord Kelvin: An account of his scientific life and workGray, Andrew
Science
Lord Kelvin: An account of his scientific life and work
Gray, Andrew
Kelvin, William Thomson, Baron, 1824-1907
And in Lord Kelvin's mind there was blended with a clear physical
instinct which put aside all that was extraneous and unessential to the
main issue an extraordinary power of concentration on the problem in
hand, and a determination that was never daunted by failure, which
consented to postponement but never to relinquishment, and which led
often after long intervals of time to success in the end. He believed
that light would come at last on the most baffling of problems, if only
it were looked at from every point of view and its conditions were
completely formulated; but he could put what was for the time impossible
aside, and devote himself to the immediately possible and realisable.
And as often happens with every thinker, his mind, released from the
task, returned to it of itself, and what before appeared shrouded in
impenetrable mist stood out suddenly sharp and distinct like a
mountain-top before a climber who has at last risen above the clouds.
With the great mathematical power and sure instinct which led him to
success in physical research was combined a keen perception of the
importance of practical applications. Sometimes the practical question
suggested the theoretical and experimental research, as when the needs
of submarine telegraphy led to the discussion of the speed of signalling
and the evolution of the reflecting galvanometer and the siphon
recorder. On the other hand, the mathematical theory of electricity and
magnetism had led to quantitative measurement and absolute units at an
earlier time, when the need for these was beginning to be felt clearly
by scientific workers and dimly by those far-sighted practical men who
dreamed--for a dream it was thought at the time--of linking the Old
World with the New by a submarine cable. But the quantitative study of
electricity in the laboratory threw light on economic conditions, and
the mass of data already obtained, mainly as a mere matter of
experimental investigation of the properties of matter, became at once a
valuable asset of the race of submarine cable engineers which suddenly
sprang into existence.
And so it has been with the more recent applications of electricity. The
induction of currents discovered by Faraday could not become of
practical importance until its laws had been quantitatively discussed, a
much longer process than that of discovery; and we have seen how the
British Association Committee, led by Thomson and Maxwell, brought the
ideas and quantities of this new branch of science into numerical
relation with the units of already existing practical enterprise. The
electrical measuring instruments--first the electrometers, and more
recently the electric current balances and other beautiful instruments
for the dynamo-room and the workshop--which Lord Kelvin invented have
brought the precision of the laboratory into the everyday duties of the
secondary battery attendant and the wireman.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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