Lord Kelvin: An account of his scientific life and workGray, Andrew
Science
Lord Kelvin: An account of his scientific life and work
Gray, Andrew
Kelvin, William Thomson, Baron, 1824-1907
The teacher of natural philosophy is really placed in a position of
extraordinary difficulty. The fabric of nature is woven without seam,
and to take it to pieces is in a manner to destroy it. It must, after
examination in detail, be reconstructed and considered as a whole, or
its meaning escapes us. And here lies the difficulty: every bit of
matter stands in relation to everything else, and both sides of every
relation must be considered. In other words, in the explanation of any
one phenomenon the explanation of all others is more or less involved.
This does not mean that investigation or exposition is impossible, or
that we cannot proceed step by step; but it shows the foolishness of
that criticism of science and scientific method which asks for complete
or ultimate knowledge, and of the popular demand for a simple form of
words to express what is in reality infinitely complex.
In the earlier years of his professorship Professor Thomson taught his
class entirely himself, and gathered round him, as he has told us in the
Bangor address, an enthusiastic band of workers who aided him in the
researches which he began on the electrodynamic qualities of metals, the
elastic properties of substances, the thermal and electrical
conductivities of metals, and at a later date in the electric and
magnetic work which he undertook as a member of the British Association
Committee on Electrical Standards. The class met, as has been stated,
twice a day, first for lectures, then for exercises and oral
examination. The changes which took place later in the curriculum, and
especially the introduction of honours classes in the different
subjects, rendered it difficult, if not impossible, for two hours'
attendance to be given daily on all subjects, and students were at first
excused attendance at the second hour, and finally such attendance
became practically optional. But so long as the old traditional
curriculum in Arts--of Humanity, Greek, Logic, Mathematics, Moral
Philosophy and Natural Philosophy--endured, a large number of students
found it profitable to attend at both hours, and it was possible to give
a large amount of excellent tutorial instruction by the working of
examples and oral examination.
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