Lord Kelvin: An account of his scientific life and workGray, Andrew
Science
Lord Kelvin: An account of his scientific life and work
Gray, Andrew
Kelvin, William Thomson, Baron, 1824-1907
The great difficulty now, when both classes and subject have grown
enormously, is to have free conversation between professor and student,
and yet give an adequate account of the subject. To examine orally in a
thorough way two students in each class-hour is about as much as can be
done if there is to be any systematic exposition by lecture at all; and
thus the conference between teacher and individual student can occur
only twice a year at most. Nevertheless Lord Kelvin was undoubtedly
right: oral examination and the training of individual students in the
art of clear and ready expression are very desirable. The real
difficulties of the subject are those which occur to the best students,
and a discussion of them in the presence of others is good for all. This
is difficult nowadays, for large classes cannot afford to wait while two
or three backward students grope after answers to questions--which in
many cases must be on points which are sufficiently plain to the
majority--to say nothing of the temptation to disorder which the display
of personal peculiarities or oddities of expression generally affords to
an assembly of students. But time will be economised and many advantages
added, if large classes are split up into sections for tutorial work, to
supplement the careful presentation of the subject made in the
systematic lectures delivered to the whole class in each case. The
introduction of a tutorial system will, however, do far more harm than
good, unless the method of instruction is such as to foster the
self-reliance of the student, who must not be, so to speak, spoon-fed:
such a method, and the advantages of the weekly examination on paper
may be secured, by setting the tutorial class to work out on the spot
exercises prescribed by the lecturer. But the danger, which is a very
real one, can only be fully avoided by the precautions of a skilful
teacher, who in those small classes will draw out and direct the ideas
of his students, rather than impart knowledge directly.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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