In a letter to Lang—who was also inclined to look with favour on
Tauler, the master of German mystic theology—Luther betrays how
greatly he was attracted by this writer. In his sonorous, expansive
language, he speaks of him as a teacher whose enlightenment was such,
that, though utterly unknown in the theological schools, he contains
more real theology than all the scholastic theologians of all the
universities put together. He also repeatedly assured his hearers that
Tauler’s book of sermons had “led him to the spirit.”[198]
At that time Luther showed great preference for the exhortations of
the German mystics on self-abasement, apathy and abnegation of self.
“_Theologia Deutsch_,” that little work of an unknown Frankfort
priest of the fourteenth century, which he came across in a MS.,
so fascinated him that, adding to it a preface and his own name,
“Martinus Luder,” he published it in 1516 at Wittenberg. It was the
first occasion of his making use of the press; this first edition
was, however, incomplete, owing to the state of the MS.; the work was
finally reissued complete and under the title which Luther himself had
selected, viz. “A German Theologia,” in 1518. In the sub-title of the
first edition he had called it a “noble spiritual booklet,” and in
the preface had praised it, saying that it did not float like foam on
the top of the water, but that it had been brought up from the bottom
of the Jordan by a true Israelite.[199] In the first edition he had
erroneously attributed the booklet to Tauler; in the second he says it
is equal in merit to Tauler’s own writings. Yet, to tell the truth,
it is far from reaching Tauler’s high standard of thought. Luther,
however, assures us that, next to the Bible and St. Augustine, he
can mention no book from which he has learned more of the nature of
God, Christ, man and all other things, than from this work. When he
forwarded a printed copy of the first edition to Spalatin (December
14, 1516), he wrote, that Tauler offered a solid theology which was
quite similar to the old; that he was acquainted with no theology
more wholesome and evangelical. Spalatin should saturate himself with
Tauler’s sermons; “taste and see how sweet the Lord is, after you have
first tasted and seen how bitter is everything that is ourselves.”[200]
In addition to the authors mentioned, the mysticism of
Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite and of Gerard Groot, the founder of
the Community of the Brethren of the Common Life, were known to him.
That he was, or had been, fond of reading the writings of St. Bernard,
we may guess from his many—often misunderstood—quotations from the
same.
Luther was also well able, whilst under the influence of that
inwardness which he loved so much in the mystics, to make his own
their truly devotional and often moving language.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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