Luther also speaks of our freedom and our responsibility for our
personal salvation in his Commentary on the Psalms: “My soul is in my
own keeping; by the freedom of my will I can make it eternally happy
or eternally unhappy by choosing or rejecting Thy law.” Therefore
Psalm cxviii. 109 says, “My soul is always in my hands,” and although
I am free to do either, yet I have not “forgotten Thy law.”[263] He
defends the principle of the theologians, that God does not refuse
His grace to him who does his best (“_facienti quod est in se, Deus
non denegat gratiam_”).[264] He teaches also that it is possible to
prepare for grace which is always at hand.[265]
“Whoever keeps the law,” he writes in the lectures on the Epistle to
the Romans, at a time when he had already denied the freedom of the
will for good, “is in Christ, and grace is given him according as he
has prepared himself for it to the best of his power.”[266] Without
grace man is, it is true, unable to do anything that is good in God’s
sight, but “the law of nature is known to everyone, and therefore no
one is excusable” who does not follow it and fight against evil.[267]
Grace, according to him, sets the enslaved will in the righteous free
again to work for his salvation. “After he has received grace, he has
been set free, at least to work for his eternal salvation.”[268] This
remarkable passage together with its continuation will be considered
later when we deal more fully with the Commentary on Romans. We
may also draw attention to the fact, that in his Notes on Tauler’s
sermons, written about the same time as the Commentary, quite against
the supposed utter inability of the will for good, he acknowledges the
natural inclination in man towards good—the so-called Syntheresis, or
moral good conscience.[269]
In his lectures on Romans he insists that, “by means of works of
penance and the cross,” concupiscence must be fought against without
intermission, forced back and diminished; “the body of sin” must,
according to the Apostle, be destroyed.[270] Luther must therefore
certainly have regarded man as capable of resisting his evil passions,
at any rate with assistance from above.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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