“To the Christian Nobility”; “On the Babylonish Captivity”; “On the Freedom of a Christian Man”; specimens from the last of Luther’s taking way of addressing the people; his rejection of external authority and assertion of the right of private judgment against the “tyranny” of Popes and Bishops. His new conception of faith. The pietist and religious revolutionary _pages_ 26-37 4. LUTHER’S FOLLOWERS. TWO TYPES OF HIS CULTURED PARTISANS: WILLIBALD PIRKHEIMER AND ALBERT DÜRER. The deep-set discontent of the Germans leads even the best-disposed to welcome Luther’s strictures. Two famous Nurembergers: Willibald Pirkheimer’s intervention on Luther’s behalf; his subsequent deception; withdraws from the cause. Albert Dürer’s prepossession in Luther’s favour; his art in Luther’s service; did he afterwards alter his ideas? _pages_ 38-44 CHAPTER XII. EXCOMMUNICATION AND OUTLAWRY. SPIRITUAL BAPTISM IN THE WARTBURG _pages_ 45-96 1. THE TRIAL. THE EXCOMMUNICATION (1520) AND ITS CONSEQUENCES. The proceedings in Rome postponed and then resumed. The 41 propositions. The Bull “_Exsurge Domine_” menaces all Lutherans with excommunication in the event of their refusing to submit; some excerpts from the Bull. Luther’s writings against the Bull; futility of his appeal to a General Council; the burning of the Bull. “_Compos mei non sum_”; his feverish activity; “_Fluctibus his rapior et volvor_”; his hints at armed opposition; on “washing hands in blood”; moderates his language when addressing the Saxon Court. Conviction that the Pope is Antichrist strengthened by the birth of the Freiberg Calf. His “Instruction to penitents concerning forbidden books” (February, 1521) composed in view of the Easter confession _pages_ 45-61 2. THE DIET OF WORMS, 1521; LUTHER’S ATTITUDE. The Diet assembled. Luther’s journey to Worms. Happenings at Erfurt. Arrival at Worms; his interrogation; unofficial attempts to reach a settlement; his final refusal to recant. Sympathisers among the members of the Diet; pressure brought to bear by the Knights; the Elector of Saxony. Luther’s departure; preaches sermons in spite of the condition laid down in his safe-conduct; carried off to the Wartburg; formally declared an outlaw; a letter to Sickingen _pages_ 61-69 3. LEGENDS.