Need of examining critically the charges made against Luther; the number of his literary productions scarcely compatible with his having been an habitual drunkard. Testimonies of Musculus, the “Dicta Melanchthoniana,” Ickelsamer, Lemnius, etc. Opinions of Catholics: Catharinus, Hoyer of Mansfeld, Joh. Landau and others. Luther’s own statements about his “Good Drink”; his reasons for such indulgence; his distinction between drinking and drunkenness; his reprobation of habitual drunkenness. Melanchthon and Mathesius, two witnesses to Luther’s temperance. From the cellar and the tap-room; gifts in kind made to Luther; his calls on the cellar of the Wittenberg council; the signature “_Doctor plenus_” appended to one of his letters to be read as “_Doctor Johannes_”; the “old wine” of the Coburg and Luther’s indisposition in 1530; beer _versus_ wine _pages_ 294-318 CHAPTER XVIII. LUTHER AND MELANCHTHON _pages_ 319-378 1. MELANCHTHON IN THE SERVICE OF LUTHERANISM, 1518-30. What Luther owed to his friend. Their earlier relations; Luther’s unstinted praise; Melanchthon’s apprehensions; his work during the Visitation in 1527; is horrified by Luther’s language to Duke George and saddened by the “Protest” of the dissidents at Spires. Melanchthon at the Diet of Augsburg, 1530. The “Augsburg Confession” and its “Apology” characteristic of the writer; his admission regarding the use he had made of the name of St. Augustine; his letter to Cardinal Campeggio; some contemporaries on Melanchthon’s “duplicity”; the Gospel proviso; Melanchthon judged by modern historians; Luther consoles his friend. The “Erasmian” intermediary _pages_ 319-346 2. DISAGREEMENTS AND ACCORD BETWEEN LUTHER AND MELANCHTHON. Melanchthon first accepts the whole of Luther’s doctrine, but afterwards deviates from it even in essentials; his antipathy to the denial of freedom and to absolute predestination to hell, to faith alone and to the denial of the value of works. Penance and the motive of fear. Differs from Luther on the question of the Supper and gradually approaches the Zwinglian standpoint. Points of accord with Luther; he shares Luther’s superstition and belief in the Papal Antichrist; has unjustly been accused of being more tolerant than his master; his ideal a pedagogic one _pages_ 346-360 3. MELANCHTHON AT THE ZENITH OF HIS CAREER. HIS MENTAL SUFFERINGS.