“This third volume of Father Grisar’s monumental ‘Life’ is full of interest for the theologian. And not less for the psychologist; for here more than ever the author allows himself to probe into the mind and motives and understanding of Luther, so as to get at the significance of his development.”—_The Tablet_ (Vol. III). “Historical research owes a debt of gratitude to Father Grisar for the calm unbiased manner in which he marshals the facts and opinions on Luther which his deep erudition has gathered.”—_The Tablet_ (Vol. IV). CONTENTS CHAPTER XXIX. ETHICAL RESULTS OF THE NEW TEACHING _pages_ 3-164 1. PRELIMINARIES. NEW FOUNDATIONS OF MORALITY. Difficulties involved in Luther’s standpoint; poverty of human reason, power of the devil, etc. How despair may serve to excite humility _pages_ 3-7 2. THE TWO POLES: THE LAW AND THE GOSPEL. His merits in distinguishing the two; what he means by “the Gospel”; his contempt for “the Law”; the Law a mere gallows _pages_ 7-14 3. ENCOUNTER WITH THE ANTINOMIANISM OR AGRICOLA. Connection between Agricola’s doctrine and Luther’s. Luther’s first step against Agricola; the Disputations; the tract “Against the Antinomians”; action of the Court; end of Agricola; the reaction of the Antinomian movement on Luther _pages_ 15-25 4. THE CERTAINTY OF SALVATION AND ITS RELATION TO MORALITY. Psychology of Luther’s conception of this certainty as the very cause and aim of true morality. Luther’s last sermons at Eisleben; notable omissions in these sermons on morality; his wavering between Old and New _pages_ 25-43 5. ABASEMENT OF PRACTICAL CHRISTIANITY. Faith, praise and gratitude our only duties towards God. “All works, apart from faith, must be for our neighbour’s sake.” There are “no good works save such as God commands.” Good works done without faith are mere sins. Annulment of the supernatural and abasement of the natural order. The Book of Concord on the curtailment of free-will. Christianity merely inward. Divorce of Church and World, of Religion and Morals. Lack of obligation and sanction _pages_ 43-66 6. THE PART PLAYED BY CONSCIENCE AND PERSONALITY. LUTHER’S WARFARE WITH HIS OLD FRIEND CASPAR SCHWENCKFELD. On Conscience and its exercise; how to set it to rest. Help of conscience at critical junctures. Conscience in the religious questions of the day. Schwenckfeld _pages_ 66-84 7. SELF-IMPROVEMENT AND THE REFORMATION OF THE CHURCH.