In order to render Luther’s meaning adequately we must emphasise his
leading answer to such objections. He is determined to insist on good
works, because, as he says, they are of the utmost importance to the
one thing on which everything else depends, viz. to faith and the
assurance of salvation.[94]
In his “Sermon von den guten Wercken,” which deserves to be taken as
conclusive, he declares outright that all good works are ordained—for
the sake of faith. “Such works and sufferings must be performed
in faith and in firm trust in the Divine mercy, in order that, as
already stated, all works may come under the first commandment and
under faith, and that they may serve to exercise and strengthen
faith, on account of which all the other commandments and works are
demanded.”[95] Hence morality is necessary, not primarily in order
to please God, to obey Him and thus to work out our salvation, but
in order to strengthen our “_fides specialis_” in our own salvation,
which then does all the needful.[96] It is necessary, as Luther says
elsewhere, in order to provide a man with a reassuring token of the
reality of his “_fides specialis_”; he may for instance be tempted to
doubt whether he possesses this saving gift of God, though the very
doubt already spells its destruction; hence let him look at his works;
if they are good, they will tell him at the dread hour of death: Yes,
you have the “faith.”[97] Strangely enough he also takes the Bible
passages which deal with works performed under grace as referring to
faith, e.g. “If thou wilt enter into life keep the commandments” (Mt.
xix. 17) and, “By good works make your calling and election sure” (2
Peter i. 10). The latter exhortation of St. Peter signifies according
to Luther’s exegesis: “Take care to strengthen your faith,” from the
works “you may see whether you have the faith.”[98] According to St.
Peter you are to seek in works merely “a sign and token that the faith
is there”; his meaning is not that you “are to do good works in order
that you may secure your election.” “We are not to fancy that thereby
we can become pious.”[99]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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