Even in the preparatory schools he was anxious to see the study of
languages introduced, and that for the girls too. Boys and girls, he
says, ought to be instructed “in tongues and other arts and subjects.”
He was of opinion, that, in this way, it would be possible from the very
first to pick out those best fitted to pursue the study of languages and
to become later “schoolmasters, schoolmistresses or preachers.”[50] He
even appeals to the example of olden Saints such as Agnes, Agatha and
Lucy when urging that the more talented girls should receive a grounding
in languages.[51] “It would undoubtedly have been quite enough had the
less ambitious children been taught merely to reckon, and to read and
write German.” “Luther’s action in having as many children of the people
as possible taught languages … and his warfare against the use of German
in the schools, whether in the towns, the villages, or the hamlets, was
all very unpractical.… He had come to the conclusion that German schools,
for one reason or another, were unsuited to be nurseries for the Church
(‘_seminaria ecclesiæ_’), hence his effort to transplant into the Latin
grammar schools every sapling on which he could lay hands.”[52]
The injunctions appended to Melanchthon’s Visitation rules (1538),
which were sanctioned and approved of by Luther, lay such stress on
the teaching of languages that the humbler schools were bound to
suffer. When dealing with “the schools” their only object seems to
be the “upbringing of persons fit to teach in the churches and to
govern.” And this aim, moreover, is pursued onesidedly enough, for
we read: “The schoolmasters are in the first place to be diligent
to teach the children only Latin, not German, or Greek, or Hebrew,
as some have hitherto done, thus overburdening the poor children’s
minds.” The regulations then proceed to prescribe in detail the
studies to be undertaken in the lowest form: “In order that the
children may get hold of many Latin words, they are to be made to
learn some words every evening, as was the way in the schools in
former days.” After the children have learnt to spell out the handbook
containing the “Alphabet, the Our Father, Creed and other prayers they
are to be set to Donatus and Cato … so that they may thus learn a
number of Latin words and gain a certain readiness of speech (‘_copia
dicendi_’).” Apart from this the lowest form is to be taught only
writing and “music.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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