[77] _Psych._ vol. ii. §§ 388-391. [78] Caird, _Philosophy of Religion_, p. 162. [79] Ritter and Preller, _Hist. Phil. Graec._, 7th ed. § 82. [80] Ibid., § 83. [81] Plat. _Rep._ 377-385. [82] _Theaet._ 176 C. [83] H. Spencer, of course, follows Kuenen in assuming a polytheistic origin of Hebrew monotheism. See Kuenen, _Religion of Israel_, i. 223. [84] It is strange that Mr. Darwin should have failed to see that this was the answer to his difficulty. It appeared to him, he tells us (_Autobiography_, p. 308), 'utterly incredible that if God were now to make a revelation to the Hindoos, he would permit it to be connected with the belief in Vishnu, Siva, &c., as Christianity is connected with the Old Testament.' Incredible, no doubt. But why? For the very reason which makes it 'incredible' that man should be evolved directly from a fish, as Anaximander is said to have taught, and not incredible that he should be evolved, as Darwin teaches, from one of the higher vertebrates. The very idea of development, whether in species or religions, implies a law, and order in the development. [85] S. Athan. _De Incarn._ c. xii. [86] It is needless to say that this section is largely indebted to Dean Church's _Discipline of the Christian Character_. [87] _Edinb. Rev._, Apr. 1888, p. 512. [88] _Discipline of the Christian Character_, p. 85. [89] Ibid., p. 87. [90] Hegel, _Phil. of Hist._, p. 247, Eng. Tr. [91] _Cont. Rev._, Oct. 1878, p. 645. [92] Ranke, _Popes_, i. 395. [93] Dollinger, _The Church and the Churches_, p. 239. [94] _Examination of Sir W. Hamilton's Philosophy_, p. 103. [95] H. Spencer, _Data of Ethics_, pref. [96] See Ihne's remarks on the separation of morals and religion in Rome at the time of the Punic wars. 'The religious cravings were not satisfied, and men were carried either to the schools of Greek Philosophy or to the grossest and meanest superstition.' _Hist. of Rome_, vol. ii. pp. 477, 478. [97] _History of Religions_, p. 22. [98] Edersheim, _Life and Times_, i. p. 17. [99] See Edersheim, i. pp. 31, etc. [100] Hegel, _Philosophy of History_, p. 343, Eng. Tr. [101] 2 S. Pet. ii. 1. [102] 1 Tim. vi. 20. [103] 1 Cor. viii. 6. [104] 1 Cor. iii. 19. [105] Euseb. iii. 28. [106] 1 Cor. ii. 12. [107] Newman's _Arians_, ch. ii. § 1. [108] _Natural Truth of Christianity_, §§ 1, 2. [109] _Phil. of Hist._, p. 343, Eng. Tr. [110] Dorner. _Hist. of Doct._ i. pp. 362, etc. [111] _Adv. Prax._ ch. iii. [112] _Cont. Noet._ § xiv. [113] _Inst._ iv. c. 29. [114] _Strom._ v. 1. [115] _De Princ._ I. ii. § 10. [116] _Adv. Arianos_ i. § 20. [117] _De Trin._ viii. 10 and ix. 2. [118] Iren. _Adv. Haer._ IV. iv. I. 2. [119] Cf. pp. 333-336. [120] Plat. _Phaed._ 98 B. Arist. _Met._ [121] p. 455ᵇ17. The references are to the Berlin edition. [122] p. 199ᵃ8, 18: 415ᵇ17: 731ᵃ24. [123] p. 1070ᵃ7, 1033ᵇ8, 753ᵃ3. [124] Dorner, _Hist. of Doct._ i. p. 366. [125] S. Athan. _Contra Gentes_, § 42.