Madame Roland: A Biographical StudyTarbell, Ida M. (Ida Minerva)
History
Madame Roland: A Biographical Study
Tarbell, Ida M. (Ida Minerva)
France -- History -- Revolution, 1789-1799; Roland, Madame, 1754-1793
Manon Phlipon did not change her religious feelings or devout practices
during this period. She was living a religious life of peculiar
intensity, all the time that she was deep in the examination of
doctrines. The one was for her an affair of the heart, the other of the
head. Her letters to Sophie, after the question of doubt had once been
broached between them, are filled, now with philosophical analyses of
dogma, now with glowing piety, now with severe rules of conduct. It was
some time after she took to reasoning before the subject came up.
Sophie’s own faith was troubled and she pictured her state to her
friend. Manon, touched by this confidence, greater than her own had
been, freely portrayed afterwards her own mental and spiritual
condition. From these letters we find that she reached, very early in
her study, certain conclusions which she never abandoned, and upon these
as a basis erected a system which satisfied her heart and mind and which
regulated her conduct.
When she first wrote Sophie she was so convinced of the existence of God
for “philosophical reasons” that she declared the authority of the world
could not upset her. With this went the immortality of the soul. These
two dogmas were enough to satisfy her heart and imagination. She did not
need them to be upright, she said, but she did to be happy. She did
right because she had convinced herself that it was to her own and to
her neighbor’s interest. She was happy because she had a reasonable
basis for goodness and nobility, and because she believed in God and in
immortality. On this foundation further study became an inspiration. “My
sentiments have gained an energy, a warmth, a range,” she wrote to
Sophie after reading Raynal’s _Philosophical History_, “that the
exhortations of priests have never given them—the General Good is my
idol, because it must be the result and the reasonable end of
everything. Virtue pleases me, inflames my imagination because it is
good for me, useful to others, and beautiful in itself. I cherish life
because I feel the value of it. I use it to the best advantage possible.
I love all that breathes, I hate nothing but evil, and still I pity the
guilty. With a conduct conformed to these ideas, I live happy and
tranquil, and I shall finish my career in peace and with the greatest
confidence in a God whom I dare believe to be better than I have been
taught.”
She had her fundamentals, but she had not by any means finished her
investigations. Each system she examined, fascinated her. In turn she
was Jansenist, stoic, deist, materialist, idealist.
“The same thing happens to me sometimes,” she wrote Sophie, “that
happened to the prince who went to the Court to hear the pleas,—the last
lawyer who spoke always seemed to him to be right.” “I am continually in
doubt, and I sleep there peacefully as the Americans in their hammocks.
This state is best suited to our situation and to the little we know.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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