[21] _Gurre Kamilaroi, or Kamilaroi Sayings_. Sydney, 1856. It is a scarce little book, with illustrations and Bible stories. [22] Howitt, _Journal Anthrop. Institute, ut supra._ [23] Greenway, _J. A. I_. vii. p. 243. [24] Collins, _Account of the Colony of New South Wales_, 1798, vol. ii. p. 544. [25] _J. A. I._. xvi. pp. 49, 50. [26] _Op. cit_., 1885, p. 54. [27] For concealment from women and children, see Howitt, _J. A. I_. xiii. p. 192. [28] Dawson, _Aborigines of Australia_, p. 49. [29] _J. A. I_. xiii. 1885, p. 142. [30] _Op. cit_. p. 194. [31] Two volumes. Nutt. [32] _Legend of Perseus_, i. 97. [33] _Folk Lore_, March 1899, p. 55. [34] Ridley, _J. A. I._, 1872, p. 282. [35] _Folk Lore_, March 1899, pp. 52, 53. [36] _J. A. I_. vol. xiv. p. 310. [37] See his and Mr. Fison's _Kamilaroi and Kurnai_, 1881. [38] _North-West Central Queensland Aborigines_, pp. 14, 36, 116, 153, 158, 165. [39] Eyre, vol. ii. pp. 355-357. [40] _Aborigines of Victoria._ [41] Arranged in lines from the literal translation, preserving the native idiom. Howitt, _J. A. I_. vol. xvi. pp. 330, 331. [42] _Anthropologie_, vi. p. 798. III _MAGIC AND RELIGION_ 'The sin of witchcraft is as the sin of rebellion.' The idea which inspires this text probably is that a person who seeks to obtain his ends by witchcraft is rebelling against the deity or deities through whom alone these ends should be sought. Witchcraft is also an insult and injury to the official priests, who regard the witch as the surgeon regards the bone-setter, or as the geologist regards the 'dowser' or water-finder who uses the divining-rod. Magic or witchcraft falls into two main classes. The former is magic of the sort used by people who think that things accidentally like each other influence each other. You find a stone shaped like a yam, and you sow it in the yam plot You find a stone like a duck, and expect to have good duck-shooting while you carry the stone about in a bag. In the same way the part influences the whole; you burn some of a man's hair, and so he catches a fever. Imitation works in the same manner; you imitate the emergence of grubs from the larvæ, and you expect grubs to emerge. All magic of this kind is wrought by material objects, sticks, stones, hair, and so forth, which sometimes have been 'charmed' by songs chanted over them. Among the Arunta of Central Australia, in many respects a backward people, we do hear of an 'evil spirit' influencing the material object which has been charmed.[1] We also hear of spirits which instruct men in medical magic. But, as a rule, the magic is materialistic. It really does produce effects, by suggestion: a man dies and a woman is won, if they know that magic is being worked to kill or woo.