MAGIC SHADOWS MAGIC SHADOWS _The Story of the Origin of Motion Pictures_ by MARTIN QUIGLEY, JR. [Illustration] QUIGLEY PUBLISHING COMPANY New York, N. Y. 1960 _Copyright, 1948–1960, by Martin Quigley, Jr._ _All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission except in the case of brief quotations included in reviews._ Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 60-14797 _Printed in the United States of America_ CONTENTS FOREWORD 7 INTRODUCTION 9 I IT STARTED WITH “A” 13 II FRIAR BACON’S MAGIC 24 III DA VINCI’S CAMERA 29 IV PORTA, FIRST SCREEN SHOWMAN 36 V KEPLER AND THE STARS 43 VI KIRCHER’S 100th ART 48 VII POPULARIZING KIRCHER’S PROJECTOR 62 VIII MUSSCHENBROEK AND MOTION 70 IX PHANTASMAGORIA 75 X DR. PARIS’ TOY 80 XI PLATEAU CREATES MOTION PICTURES 85 XII THE BARON’S PROJECTOR 98 XIII THE LANGENHEIMS OF PHILADELPHIA 106 XIV MAREY AND MOVEMENT 115 XV EDISON’S PEEP-SHOW 130 XVI FIRST STEPS 139 XVII WORLD PREMIERES 149 APPENDIX I CHRONOLOGY 163 APPENDIX II BIBLIOGRAPHY 177 INDEX 185 ILLUSTRATIONS facing page ATHANASIUS KIRCHER 9 ARCHIMEDES’ BURNING GLASSES 32 LEONARDO DA VINCI 33 _CAMERA OBSCURA_ 40 JOHANNES KEPLER 41 KIRCHER’S GIANT WHEEL 48 THE STORY DISK 48 THE MAGIC LANTERN 49 ZAHN’S LANTERNS 64