Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion PicturesQuigley, Martin
History
Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion Pictures
Quigley, Martin
Lantern projection; Motion pictures -- History
Edison, in November of 1877, sent to his friend Alfred Hopkins, editor
of the _Scientific American_, several sketches of models of his new
invention in which “speech was capable of indefinite repetition from
automatic records.” The next month a model was perfected. The incident
was described as follows in the December 22, 1877, issue of the
_Scientific American_: “Mr. Thomas A. Edison recently came into this
office, placed a little machine on our desk, turned the crank, and the
machine inquired as to our health, asked how we liked the phonograph,
informed us that _it_ was well, and bid us a cordial good night.” It
was noted that the sound was fully audible to a dozen members of the
staff who gathered around. The writer also noted, “When it becomes
possible to magnify the sound, as it doubtless will, the witness in
court will have his own testimony repeated. The testator will repeat
his own will.”
The editor of the _Scientific American_ concluded his comment on
the Edison “Talking” phonograph by saying: “It is already possible
to throw stereoscopic photographs of people on screens in full view
of an audience (i.e., still pictures). Add the talking phonograph
to counterfeit their voices and it would be difficult to carry the
illusion of real presence much further.”
The description of the Edison phonograph attracted wide attention.
The article referred to above was quoted fully in _Nature_, a British
publication. This led Wordsworth Donisthorpe to set down the first
complete plan of the talking motion picture. Others, of course, had
had the idea but up to that time the plan had never been expressed so
clearly and completely.
Wordsworth Donisthorpe, born in 1847, was an English lawyer who
throughout life maintained a lively interest in many affairs. He was an
outspoken individualist, being a firm believer in local government. He
wrote books on such subjects as _Law in a Free State_, and _Love and
Law_, as well as on scientific matters. When he designed his device,
the Kinesigraph, he was living at Princes Park, Liverpool.
After reading about Edison’s phonograph, Donisthorpe wrote to the
_Nature_ magazine and referred to the idea of combining the phonograph
and still projection suggested by the Editor of the _Scientific
American_. Donisthorpe quoted that comment and then said:
Ingenious as this suggested combination is, I believe I am
in a position to cap it. By combining the phonograph and the
Kinesigraph I will undertake not only to produce a talking
picture of Mr. Gladstone which, with motionless lips and
unchanged expression, shall positively recite his latest
anti-Turkish speech in his own voice and tone. Not only this,
but the life-size phonograph itself shall move and gesticulate
precisely as he did when making the speech, the words and
gestures corresponding as in real life. Surely this is an advance
upon the conception of the _Scientific American_!
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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