Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion PicturesQuigley, Martin
History
Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion Pictures
Quigley, Martin
Lantern projection; Motion pictures -- History
Armat decided that the Jenkins idea of continuous movement with
revolving lights was unworkable and chose an intermittent action. A
variation of the Maltese-cross gear system was tried. The eventual
legal dispute between Armat and Jenkins has obscured data on the system
first used. It is certain the results were not wholly successful.
Three of these machines were built in the Summer of 1895 and the
first showing was held at the Cotton States Exposition at Atlanta,
Georgia, in mid-September. There the chief picture competition was the
inspiration--the Anschütz Electrical Tachyscope. There was also an
extensive display of the Edison peep-show machines. Armat must have
been glad to see the Edison activity because it was from that source
that he was getting his film for the projector.
The projector at the Cotton States Exposition was not well received.
The show finally burned up in a fire that swept the area. Fifteen
hundred dollars was borrowed from Armat’s brothers to continue
activities. Jenkins went home to Richmond, Indiana, for his brother’s
wedding, taking one of the projectors with him.
Meanwhile, Armat hit upon a loop to ease the strain of projection.
Jenkins gave a demonstration of the projector on October 29, 1895, and
by November 22nd, Armat and Jenkins had disagreed. Jenkins tried to
patent some modification on his own, without his partner, but found
that he was in interference with the Armat-Jenkins projector patent and
signed a concession of priority. From his invention Armat made a great
profit which was obtained not without many law suits. Later Jenkins
produced a non-intermittent projector of clever but impractical design.
He also contributed some original ideas to television development but
again the results were not very practical.
Certain other attempts were made to achieve projection of the
magic shadows and complete the motion picture system at this time.
Most of them also were stimulated by the exhibition of Anschütz’s
Electrical Tachyscope. One of these was made by Rudolph Melville
Hunter (1856–1935), a consulting engineer and inventor of considerable
prominence in America. In 1883 Hunter had suggested a Dover-Calais
tunnel, something that might have made the Dunkirk evacuation of 1940
much easier; the year before, 1882, he had suggested torpedo boats;
later he devised smokeless powder for the French Government and sold
some 300 patents to the General Electric and Westinghouse companies.
He was also a consultant on acoustics. In his biography, last printed
in the 1920–21 edition of _Who’s Who_ (at which time he evidently
retired), Hunter asserted that he “designed and built the first motion
picture projector in the world in 1894.” His show, scheduled for
Atlantic City, never opened. No details are known of his projector.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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