Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion PicturesQuigley, Martin
History
Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion Pictures
Quigley, Martin
Lantern projection; Motion pictures -- History
At an early age he started writing for the theatre and his comedies
are rated with the best produced in Italy in the 16th century. But
even before he began his professional writing for the stage, he had
developed an interest in magic and anything approaching the magical.
This avocation was developed during the rest of his life.
Porta was very fond of secrets and secret societies, founding the
Academy of Secrets at Naples. He was also a member of the Roman Academy
of the Lynxes, scientific society founded in 1603--named for its
trademark. Even magic inks for secret writing were an attraction to him.
For years it was generally believed that Porta invented the _camera
obscura_ but, as we have seen, it was known long before he was born. At
the time of the discovery of photography Porta’s title to the invention
of the camera was discussed and it was definitely established that
while he made some refinements and, of course, devised some special
uses, he had nothing to do with its invention.
When about 15, Porta began the investigations which led to the writing
of _Magia Naturalis, sive de Miraculis Rerum Naturalium_, “Natural
Magic, or the wonders of natural things.” The material was published
five years later, at Naples, in four “books”, or large chapters.
Through the years he increased his notes on the subject and in 1589 the
work was printed in twenty chapters.
Porta’s _Natural Magic_ was a popular book, a best-seller of the
day. It was first translated into English and published in London
in 1658. It was also translated into many other languages. _Natural
Magic_ contains a wide variety of subjects, including developments in
the light and shadow art-science. Porta published the first detailed
explanation of the construction and use of the _camera obscura_ in the
fourth “book”.
“A system by which you can see, in their own colors, in the darkness
objects outdoors lighted by the sun,” was Porta’s title for the
section. He continued:
If anyone wishes to see this effect, all the windows should be
closed, and it would be helpful if the cracks were sealed so that
no light may enter to ruin the show. Then in one window make a
small opening in the form of a cone with the sun at the base and
facing the room. Whiten the walls of the room or cover them with
white linen or paper. In this way you will see all things outside
lighted by the sun, as those walking in the streets, as if their
feet were upwards, the right and left of the objects will be
reversed and all things will seem interchanged. And the further
the screen is from the opening, proportionately the larger the
objects will appear; the closer the paper screen or tablet, is
drawn to the hole, the smaller the objects will appear.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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