Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion PicturesQuigley, Martin
History
Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion Pictures
Quigley, Martin
Lantern projection; Motion pictures -- History
There is the germ of the motion picture--a real instrument which makes
pictures move.
The diagram illustrates a model in which “a perfectly regular image is
produced from a deformed figure” turning in a speed proportional to the
distortion behind the shutter disk.
Plateau pointed out that the deformed figure can be painted black and
turn before a white surface, or be white and turn behind a slot pierced
in a black disk. He said, “This last method is preferable to the other
because it gives an image of greater lifelikeness....” This of course
is the quality sought in all dramatic representations--realistic living
pictures.
“For this effect,” he explained, “you design the deformed figure on
white transparent paper and paint the surrounding space with a very
opaque black, then make the experiment carefully, and place a strong
light behind the paper.”
In the example shown in the drawing the two disks, mounted one behind
the other, are rotated in an opposite direction, the motion of the
deformed figure is double that of the shutter and the effect produced
is that of the regular image shown in Figure 3.
Plateau then remarked, “The construction of these images is very
simple.” He gave the method and an example. “While the shutter
will be making a third part of a revolution all the points of the
circle carrying the deformed figure will be present behind it and in
consequence it will produce one regular complete image. Then during
the second and third part of the revolution of the shutter it will
be able to form itself into second and third images resembling the
first.” These were the words Plateau used to explain the nature of the
operations of the first movie machine.
He concluded: “As you are master of the production of the figures you
can make them as bizarre and as irregular as you wish.” Producers of
the modern motion picture have indeed made pictures that are both
“bizarre” and “irregular.” Plateau would have liked modern motion
pictures because he was fond of the theatre, especially liking comedies.
While Plateau was making the experiments in 1829 which led to
scientific presentations of visual and optical phenomena as well as
construction of the first motion picture machine to illustrate those
principles as well as to entertain, a tragic event happened. Plateau in
his investigations of seeing light and motion gave special attention to
the chief source of all light on earth, the sun.
One day, to see for himself the effects of a great stimulus, the
greatest possible in nature on his eye, he stared at the sun for 25
seconds without glasses or other protection. The intensity was great
and the effect equal. He was blind for the rest of that day. In a few
days his sight came back but it was permanently injured. It gradually
waned and was gone in 1843. A choroid inflammation persisted and
blotted out the vision of one of the greatest investigators of vision
in all history.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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