Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion PicturesQuigley, Martin
History
Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion Pictures
Quigley, Martin
Lantern projection; Motion pictures -- History
During the period while his sight was gradually going, Plateau
continued work on vision and made great contributions to the then
unknown motion picture. From 1843 he had to discontinue teaching on
account of total blindness but this did not stop his experiments.
In 1830 Plateau published a further explanation of his wheel device in
Quetelet’s Journal.
In 1831 and 1832 Plateau and Michael Faraday (1791–1867), English
scientist, had a written argument over certain phases of priority in
observing the “wheel phenomenon” which led to the motion picture. On
December 10th, 1830, Faraday, the son of a blacksmith, who attracted
the attention of Sir Humphry Davy, addressed the Royal Institution
of Great Britain “On the Peculiar Class of Optical Deceptions.” The
paper was published in February, 1831, in the Institution’s _Journal_.
Faraday, called by Tyndall, “the greatest experimental philosopher
the world has ever seen,” was attracted to the wheel phenomenon which
he noted “J. M.” had discussed in 1820 and Roget in 1824. At the lead
mills of Messrs. Maltsby Faraday saw cog wheels rapidly revolving one
in one direction, the other in another. The optical effect was curious.
He designed in his laboratory a disk machine in order to create
the same illusion, noting that the effects produced were sometimes
beautiful. Faraday said that the device of the revolving wheels could
be spun before a mirror and interesting results observed. He did not
propose the use of images or pictures. Mr. Wheatstone, Faraday said,
was engaged in the general exploration of the subject and hoped soon
that the results would be made public.
Plateau later in the year wrote in the _Annales de Chimie et de
Physique_, a scientific publication printed in Paris and edited by
Guy-Lussac and Arago, that scientists both in France and England were
studying the effects of two revolving wheels, one placed behind the
other and each revolving at different speeds.
Plateau claimed priority in these words: “Several years ago I observed
those phenomena and from that conducted experiments whose results
were published. My experiments attracted little attention outside the
country and Mr. Faraday without doubt had no knowledge of my work....
It is because such a man as Mr. Faraday has decided that the phenomenon
in question was not unworthy of his attention that I attach some merit
to the honor of having observed it before him.”
In the 1832 edition of the _Correspondance Mathématique et Physique_
of Quetelet, Plateau remarked (in a note dated January 20, 1833) that
following the letter published in the _Annales_ of November, 1831,
“He (Faraday) wrote me and recognized in a manner most flattering for
me the priority of my observations.” Plateau finally concluded that
Faraday had had some knowledge after all of his earlier work when the
Englishman wrote his paper at the end of 1830.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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