Mahan on naval warfare : $b Selections from the writing of Rear Admiral Alfred T. MahanMahan, A. T. (Alfred Thayer)
History
Mahan on naval warfare : $b Selections from the writing of Rear Admiral Alfred T. Mahan
Mahan, A. T. (Alfred Thayer)
Naval art and science; Naval strategy; Sea-power
They had never met before, and the admiral, greeting him with his usual
easy courtesy, handed him a letter from his wife, saying that being
entrusted with it by a lady, he made a point of delivering it himself,
instead of sending it by another.
The “Nelson Touch,” or Plan of Attack, expounded to his captains at the
first meeting, was afterwards formulated in an Order, copies of which
were issued to the fleet on the 9th of October. In this “Memorandum,”
which was doubtless sufficient for those who had listened to the vivid
oral explanation of its framer, the writer finds the simplicity, but not
the absolute clearness, that they recognized. It embodies, however, the
essential ideas, though not the precise method of execution, actually
followed at Trafalgar, under conditions considerably different from
those which Nelson probably anticipated; and it is not the least of its
merits as a military conception that it could thus, with few signals and
without confusion, adapt itself at a moment’s notice to diverse
circumstances. This great order not only reflects the ripened experience
of its author, but contains also the proof of constant mental activity
and development in his thought; for it differs materially in detail from
the one issued a few months before to the fleet, when in pursuit of
Villeneuve to the West Indies.
MEMORANDUM
(Secret)
Victory, off CADIZ, 9th October, 1805.
Thinking it almost impossible to bring a Fleet of forty Sail of the Line
into a Line of Battle in variable winds, thick weather, and other
circumstances which must occur, without such a loss of time that the
opportunity would probably be lost of bringing the Enemy to Battle in
such a manner as to make the business decisive, I have therefore made up
my mind to keep the Fleet in that position of sailing (with the
exception of the First and Second in Command) that the Order of Sailing
is to be the Order of Battle, placing the Fleet in two Lines of sixteen
Ships each, with an Advanced Squadron of eight of the fastest sailing
Two-decked Ships, which will always make, if wanted, a Line of
twenty-four Sail, on whichever Line the Commander-in-Chief may direct.
The Second in Command will, after my intentions are made known to him,
have the entire direction of his Line to make the attack upon the Enemy,
and to follow up the blow until they are captured or destroyed.
If the Enemy’s Fleet should be seen to windward in Line of Battle, and
that the two Lines and the Advanced Squadron can fetch them, they will
probably be so extended that their Van could not succor their Rear.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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