He made witty attacks on Frederick William IV., in _Deutschland_, where Hammonia warns Heine himself against "the king of Thule," and in the poem _Der neue Alexander_; and he wrote a whole series of satirical poems on King Ludwig of Bavaria and his doings. This latter king, whom Heine in past days had extolled, was flattered as a Mæcenas by a whole band of contemporary artists and poets. In the _Lobgesänge auf König Lüdewig_, Heine falls foul of all his weaknesses, his gallery of beauty in the Munich palace, his bad verses, his annoyance when several of the famous men of science and artists whom he patronised allowed themselves to be persuaded to leave Bavaria and settle in Prussia. On the subject of the gallery of beauty we have: "Er liebt die Kunst, und die schönsten Frau'n, Die lässt er porträtiren, Er geht in diesem gemalten Serail Als Kunst-Eunuch spazieren."[2] [2] In love with art, he collects fair dames In counterfeit presentment, And in this painted harem finds, Art-eunuch-like, contentment. When writing of the migration to Prussia of the various men of note, Heine seizes the opportunity to give a side-hit at his old scape-goat, Massmann: "Der Schelling und der Cornelius, Sie mögen von dannen wandern. Dem einen erlosch im Kopf die Vernunft, Die Phantasie dem Andern. Doch dass man aus meiner Krone stahl Die beste Perle, dass man Mir meinen Turnkunstmeister geraubt, Das Menschenjuwel, den Massmann, Das hat mich gebeugt, das hat mich geknickt, Das hat mir die Seele zerschmettert, Mir fehlt jetzt der Mann, der in seiner Kunst Den höchsten Pfahl erklettert...."[3] [3] That Schelling should go, and Cornelius too, Without a tear I can see-- The one has lost his reasoning power, The other all his fancy. But to steal from my crown its brightest gem, Its pearl of price, was cruel; My master-gymnast they've filched away, Massmann, mankind's chief jewel. This crime has bent and broken me, 'Tis soul-destroying, cynical-- I have lost the man who had clambered up To his art's supremest pinnacle. Of King Ludwig's essays in poetry he writes: "Herr Ludwig ist ein grosser Poet, Und singt er, so stürzt Apollo Vor ihm auf die Knie und bittet und fleht: Halt ein! ich werde sonst toll, o!"[4] [4] King Ludwig is a poet great; When he sings, the mighty Apollo Falls on his knees and begs and prays: O stop! or my death will follow! Still wittier is the parody of King Ludwig's poetical style, in the inscription above the resting-place of Atta Troll in the Bavarian _Walhalla_: "Atta Troll, Tendenzbär, sittlich-- Religiös; als Gatte brünstig; Durch Verfuhrtsein von dem Zeitgeist Waldursprünglich Sansculotte; Sehr schlecht tanzend, doch Gesinnung Tragend in der zott'gen Hochbrust Manchmal auch gestunken habend; Kein Talent, doch ein Charakter!"[5] [5]