Makers of ElectricityWalsh, James J. (James Joseph)
History
Makers of Electricity
Walsh, James J. (James Joseph)
Electricity -- Biography
"Make a small cross of two light strips of cedar, the arms so long
as to reach to the four corners of a large thin silk handkerchief
when extended; tie the corners of the handkerchief to the
extremities of the cross, so you have the body of a kite, which,
being properly accommodated with a tail, loop and string, will
rise in the air, like those made of paper; but this, being of silk,
is fitter to bear the wet and wind of a thunder-gust without
tearing. To the top of the upright stick is to be fixed a very
sharp-pointed wire, rising a foot or two above the wood. In the end
of the twine, next the hand, is to be held a silk ribbon, and where
the silk and cord join a key may be fastened. This kite is to be
raised when a thunder-gust appears to be coming on, and the person
who holds the string must stand within a door or window, or under
some cover, so that the silk ribbon may not be wet; and care must
be taken that the twine does not touch the frame of the door or
window. As soon as any of the thunder-clouds come over the kite,
the pointed wire will draw the electric fire from them, and the
kite with all the twine will be electrified, and the loose
filaments of the twine will stand out every way and be attracted by
an approaching finger. And when the rain has wetted the kite, so
that it can conduct the electric fire freely, you will find it
stream out plentifully from the key on the approach of your
knuckle. At this key the phial may be charged, and from electric
fire thus obtained spirits may be kindled and all the other
electric experiments be performed which are usually done by the
help of a rubbed glass globe or tube, and thereby the sameness of
the electric matter with that of lightning completely
demonstrated."[8]
Here we have the electric kite and manner of using it fully described
without, however, any direct statement that the author himself actually
experimented with it, although he does say that the experiment was
successfully carried out. This is strictly true, but it may be safely
contended that the precautions enumerated, the observation about the
fibres of the cord, its improved conductivity when wetted by the rain
and the like, all bespeak a knowledge of practical conditions that could
be obtained only by way of experiment.
But if Franklin is not outspoken on the matter, some of his
contemporaries are. Here is the kite incident as related in the
_Continuation of the Life of Dr. Franklin_, by Dr. Stuber, a
Philadelphian and intimate friend of the Franklins:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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