Makers of ElectricityWalsh, James J. (James Joseph)
History
Makers of Electricity
Walsh, James J. (James Joseph)
Electricity -- Biography
The other form of the story is told a little later in Galvani's own
words in the analysis of his monograph on animal electricity. He does
not mention his wife in it, but there is a tradition that she was
present in the laboratory when the phenomenon of the twitching of the
frog's legs was first noticed, and indeed that it was she who called his
attention to the curious occurrence.
She was a woman of well-developed intellect, and her association with
her father and also with her husband made her well acquainted with the
anatomy and physiology of the day. She realized that what had occurred
was quite out of the ordinary. She is even said to have suggested their
possible connection with the presence and action of the electric
apparatus. Husband and wife, then, together, by means of a series of
observations determined that, whenever the apparatus was not in use the
phenomenon of the convulsive movements of the frog's legs did not take
place, notwithstanding irritation by the scalpel. Whenever the electric
apparatus was working, however, then the phenomenon in question always
took place. According to either form of the story, if we accept the
traditions in the matter, Madame Galvani had an important part in the
discovery.
Galvani's most important contribution to science is undoubtedly his De
Viribus Electricitatis in Motu Musculari Commentarius--Commentary on the
Forces of Electricity in Their Relation to Muscular Motion. Like many
another epoch-making contribution to science, it is not a large work,
but in his collected works in the edition of 1841, occupies altogether
sixty-four pages, of scarcely more than two hundred and fifty words to
the page. There are probably not more than fifteen thousand words in it
altogether. It was published originally in the eighth volume of the
Memoirs of the Institute of Science at Bologna, in 1791, but a reprint
of it, with some modifications, was issued at Modena in the following
year. This Modenese edition, published by the Societa Typographica, was
annotated by Professor Giovanni Aldini, who also wrote an accompanying
dissertation, De Animalis Electricae Theoriae Ortu Atque Incrementis, On
the Rise and Development of the Theory of Animal Electricity. In this
volume was also published a letter from Galvani to Professor Carminati,
in Italian, on the Seat of Animal Electricity. These two editions are
the sources to which we must turn for whatever Galvani tried to make
known with regard to animal electricity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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