There are a hundred and ninety of these mischiefs, according to some, according to others, a hundred and ninety-three. Their origin is very variously given. One authority says that the first badi sprang from three drops of Adam's blood (which were spilt on the ground). Another (rather inconsistently) declares that the "mischief" (badi) residing in an iguana (biawak) was the origin of all subsequent "mischiefs," yet adds later that the "Heart of Timber" was their origin, and yet again that the yellow glow at sunset (called Mambang Kuning or the "Yellow Deity") was their origin. These two latter are, perhaps the most usual theories, but a third medicine-man declares that the first badi was the offspring of the Jin ("genie") Ibn Ujan (Ibnu Jan?), who resides in the clouds (or caverns?) and hollows of the hills. Thus do Malay medicine-men disagree. These "mischiefs" reside not only in animate, but also in inanimate objects. Thus in one of the elephant-charms given in the Appendix several different "mischiefs" are described as residing in earth, ant-hills, wood, water, stone, and elephants (or rhinoceroses) respectively. Again, in a deer-charm, various "mischiefs" are requested to return to their place of origin, i.e. to the Iguana (strictly speaking, the Monitor Lizard), Heart of Timber, and the Yellow Glow of Sunset. Yet another deer-charm calls upon "Badi" (as the offspring of the Jin Ibn Ujan, who resides in the clouds and hollows of the hills), to return thereto. [670] I will now proceed to describe the ceremony of "casting out" these "mischiefs." The chief occasions on which this casting out takes place are, first, when somebody is ill, and his sickness is attributed to his accidental contact with (and consequent "possession by") one of these mischiefs; and, secondly, when any wild animal or bird is killed. The ceremony of casting out the mischief from the carcases of big game will be found described under the heading of "Hunting Ceremonies." I shall here confine myself to a brief description of the ceremony as conducted for the benefit of sick persons. First make up a bunch of leaves (sa-cherek), consisting of the shrubs called pulut-pulut and selaguri, with branches of the gandarusa and lenjuang merah (red dracæna), all of which are wrapped together in a leaf of the si-pulih, and tied round with a piece of tree-bark (kulit t'rap), or the akar gasing-gasing. With this leaf-brush you are to cast out the mischief. Then you grate on to a saucer small pieces of ebony wood, brazil wood, "laka" wood, sandalwood, and eagle-wood (lignaloes), mix them with water, putting in a few small pieces of scrap-iron, and rub the patient all over with the mixture. As you do this, repeat the appropriate charm; then take the brush of leaves and stroke the patient all over downwards from head to foot, saying:--