Mammals of the Southwest Mountains and MesasOlin, George
Science
Mammals of the Southwest Mountains and Mesas
Olin, George
Mammals -- Southwest, New
Interesting as the desert varieties of this species may be in their
adaptation to an environment that seems foreign to their nature, they
cannot compare with the high mountain animal. Seen against the backdrop
of a great gray cliff or silhouetted against the skyline of a snowy
crest the bighorn has a magnificence that is thrilling. In flight it is
even more spectacular as it bounds from one narrow shelf to another in
an incredible show of surefootedness. Yet this airy grace is exhibited
by a chunky animal that often weighs well over 200 pounds. The secret
lies in the specially adapted hooves with bottoms that cling to smooth
surfaces like crepe rubber and edges that cut into snow and ice or gain
a purchase on the smallest projections of the rocks. The legs and body,
though heavy, are well proportioned and so extremely well muscled that
no matter what demands are placed on them this sheep seems to have a
comfortable reserve of power. No doubt the display of complete
coordination adds to the illusion of ease with which it ascends to the
most inaccessible places. Descents often are even more spectacular, the
animal seldom hesitating at vertical leaps of 15 feet or more down from
one narrow ledge to another.
[Illustration: bighorn]
In the high mountains where this sheep prefers to make its home it
usually ranges near or above timberline. During winter storms it may
sometimes be forced down into the shelter of the forests, but as soon as
conditions warrant it will go back to its world of barren rocks and
snow. Here, with an unobstructed view, its keen eyes can pick out the
stealthy movements of the mountain lion, the only mammal predator
capable of making any serious inroads on its numbers. It has few other
natural enemies. A golden eagle occasionally may strike a lamb and knock
it from a ledge, or a high ranging bobcat or lynx may be lucky enough to
snatch a very young one away from its mother, but these are rare
occurrences.
Bighorns depend mainly on browse for food. This is only natural since in
the high altitudes they frequent little grass can be found. Usually
there is some abundance of low shrubs growing in crevices on the rocks,
however, and many of the tiny annuals are also searched out during the
short summer season. At times a sheltered cove on the south exposure of
a mountain will become filled with such shrubs as the snowberry, and the
sheep take full advantage of such situations. As a rule they keep well
fed for, scanty though it seems, there are few competitors for the food
supply above timberline.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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