Man and the Glacial PeriodWright, G. Frederick (George Frederick)
History
Man and the Glacial Period
Wright, G. Frederick (George Frederick)
Glacial epoch; Prehistoric peoples
I append a list of the points at which various streams from the Atlantic
Ocean to the Mississippi River emerge from the glacial boundary, and
below which the terraces are specially prominent. Of course, with the
retreat of the ice, the formation of the terraces continued northward
in the glaciated area to a greater or less distance, according to the
extent of the valley or to the length of time during which the drainage
was temporarily turned into it. These points of emergence are: In the
Delaware Valley, at Belvidere, N. J.; in the Susquehanna, at Beach Haven,
Pa.; in the Conewango, at Ackley, Warren County; in Oil Creek, above
Titusville: in French Creek, a little above Franklin; in Beaver Creek,
at Chewtown, Lawrence County; on the Middle Fork of Little Beaver, near
New Lisbon, Ohio; on the east branch of Sandy Creek, at East Rochester,
Columbiana County; on the Nimishillin, at Canton, Stark County; on the
Tuscarawas, at Bolivar; on Sugar Creek, at Beech City; on the Killbuck,
at Millersburg, Holmes County; on the Mohican, near the northeast corner
of Knox County; on the Licking River, at Newark; on Jonathan Creek, Perry
County; on the Hocking, at Lancaster; on the Scioto, at Hopetown, just
above Chillicothe; on Paint Creek, and its various tributaries, between
Chillicothe and Bainbridge; and on the Wabash, above New Harmony, Ind.;
to which may be added the Ohio River itself, at its junction with the
Miami, near Lawrenceburg.
Another class of terraces having most interesting connection with the
Glacial period is found in the arid basins west of the Rocky Mountains.
Over wide areas in Utah and Nevada the evaporation now just balances
the precipitation, and all the streams disappear in shallow bodies of
salt water of moderate dimensions, of which Great Salt Lake in Utah, and
Mono, Pyramid, and North Carson Lakes in Nevada, are the most familiar
examples. These occupy the lowest sinks of enclosed basins of great depth.
But there is abundant evidence that in consequence of the increased
precipitation and diminished evaporation of the Glacial period one of
these basins was filled to the brim and the other to a depth of several
hundred feet. These former enlargements have been named after the first
explorers of the region, Captains Lahontan and Bonneville, and are shown
on the accompanying sketch map by the shading surrounding the existing
lakes.
Lake Lahontan has been carefully studied by Mr. I. C. Russell, and has
been found to extend from the boundary of Oregon to latitude 38° 30'
south, a distance of two hundred and sixty miles. The Central Pacific
Railroad runs through its dried-up bed from Golconda to Wadsworth, a
distance of one hundred and sixty-five miles. The terraces of the former
lake are distinctly traceable at a height of 700 feet above the present
level of Lake Mono.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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