Man and the Glacial PeriodWright, G. Frederick (George Frederick)
History
Man and the Glacial Period
Wright, G. Frederick (George Frederick)
Glacial epoch; Prehistoric peoples
From Stroudsburg, near the Delaware Water-Gap, to Weissport, on the
Lehigh River, a distance of about thirty miles, the valley between the
mountains is continuous, and the elevation at each end very nearly the
same. But about half-way between the two places, near Saylorsburg, there
is a river-parting from which the water now runs on the one hand north
to Stroudsburg, and thence to the Delaware River, and on the other hand
south, through Big and Aquonchichola Creeks, to the Lehigh River. The
river-parting is formed by a great accumulation of gravel, whose summit
is about two hundred feet above the level of the valleys into which
the creeks empty at either end; and there are numerous kettle-holes and
lakelets in the vicinity, such as characterize the glacial region in
general.
In short, we are, without doubt, here on a well-marked terminal moraine
much modified by strong water-action in a valley of glacial drainage.
The gravel and boulders are all well water-worn, and the material is of
various kinds, including granite boulders from the far north, such as
characterise the terminal moraine on the highlands; but the pebbles are
not scratched, and the gravel is more or less stratified. It is evident
that we are here where a violent stream of water poured forth from that
portion of the ice-front which filled this valley, and which found its
only outlet in the direction of the Lehigh River. The gravel can be
traced in diminishing quantities to the southward, in accordance with
this theory, while to the northward there extends a series of gravel
ridges, or kames, such as we have shown naturally to owe their origin to
the accumulations taking place in ice-channels formed near the front of a
glacier as it slowly melts away.
From similar occurrences of vast gravel accumulations in other valleys
stretching southward from the glacial margin, we came to expect that,
wherever there was an open, line of drainage from the glaciated region
southward, the point of intersection between the glacial margin and
the drainage valley would be marked by an excessive accumulation of
water-worn gravel, diminishing in coarseness and abundance down the
valleys in proportion to the distance from the glacial margin.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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