[50] From La Fere-en-Tardenois, Aisne. [51] Cf. W. J. Sollas, _Ancient Hunters_, 1915, pp. 95, 534 f. [52] _Die Alpen in Eiszeitalter_, 1901-9. See also "Alter des Menschengeschlechts," _Zeit. f. Eth._ XL. 1908. [53] See W. J. Sollas, _Ancient Hunters_, 1915, p. 561. [54] H. Obermaier, _Der Mensch der Vorzeit_, 1911-2, p. 332. [55] _The Antiquity of Man in Europe_, 1914, p. 301. [56] _Ancient Hunters_, 1915, p. 567. [57] _Proc. Prehist. Soc. E. Anglia_, 1. 1911, p. 60. [58] Discourse at the R. Institute, London, _Nature_, Jan. 6 and 13, 1898. [59] _Nature_, 1898, p. 235. [60] _Tiden foer Blekings foersta bebyggande_, Karlskrona, 1895, p. 5. [61] "Das Schweizersbild, eine Niederlassung aus palaeolithischer und neolithischer Zeit," in _Nouveaux Memoires Soc. Helvetique des Sciences Naturelles_, Vol. XXXV. Zurich, 1896. This is described by James Geikie, _The Antiquity of Man in Europe_, 1914, pp. 85-99. [62] _L'Anthropologie_, 1897, p. 350. [63] _Forum_, Feb. 1898. [64] The party of Eskimo men and women brought back by Lieut. Peary from his Arctic expedition in 1897 were unable to endure our temperate climate. Many died of pneumonia, and the survivors were so enfeebled that all had to be restored to their icy homes to save their lives. Even for the Algonquians of Labrador a journey to the coast is a journey to the grave. [65] W. Z. Ripley, _The Races of Europe_, 1900, p. 586. CHAPTER II THE METAL AGES--HISTORIC TIMES AND PEOPLES Progress of Archaeological Studies--Sequence of the Metal Ages--The Copper Age--Egypt, Elam, Babylonia, Europe--The Bronze Age--Egypt and Babylonia, Western Europe, the Aegean, Ireland--Chronology of the Copper and Bronze Ages--The Iron Age--Hallstatt, La Tene--Man and his Works in the Metal Ages--The Prehistoric Age in the West, and in China--Historic Times--Evolution of Writing Systems-- Hieroglyphs and Cuneiforms--The Alphabet--The Persian and other Cuneiform Scripts--The Mas-d'Azil Markings--Alphabetiform Signs on Neolithic Monuments--Character and Consequences of the later historic Migrations--The Race merges in the People--The distinguishing Characters of Peoples--Scheme of Classification.