[546] "Note sur l'Anthropologie de Madagascar," etc., in _L'Anthropologie_, 1897, p. 149 sq. [547] The contrast between the two elements is drawn in a few bold strokes by Mrs Z. Colvile, who found that in the east coast districts the natives (Betsimisarakas chiefly) were black "with short, curly hair and negro type of feature, and showed every sign of being of African origin. The Hovas, on the contrary, had complexions little darker than those of the peasantry of Southern Europe, straight black hair, rather sharp features, slim figures, and were unmistakably of the Asiatic type" (_Round the Black Man's Garden_, 1893, p. 143). But even amongst the Hovas a strain of black blood is betrayed in the generally rather thick lips, and among the lower classes in the wavy hair and dark skin. [548] _Journ. Anthr. Inst._ 1897, p. 285 sq. [549] _Journ. Anthr. Inst._ 1897, p. 153. [550] _Handbook to the Ethnological Collection, British Museum_, 1910, pp. 246-7. [551] Augustinians, Dominicans, Recollects (Friars Minor of the Strict Observance), and Jesuits. [552] In fact there is no great parade of morality on either side, nor is it any reflection on a woman to have children by the priest. [553] J. Foreman, _The Philippine Islands_, 1899, p. 181. [554] _Australasia_, 1894, II. p. 49. [555] _The Bontoc Igorot_, Eth. Survey Pub. Vol. I. 1904. Further information concerning the Philippines is published in the _Census Report in 1903_, 1905; _Ethnological Survey Publications_, 1904- ; C. A. Koeze, _Crania Ethnica Philippinica, ein Beitrag zur Anthropologie der Philippinen_, 1901- ; Henry Gannett, _People of the Philippines_, 1904; R. B. Bean, _The Racial Anatomy of the Philippine Islanders_, 1910; Fay-Cooper Cole, _Wild Tribes of Davao District, Mindanao_, 1913. [556] A. E. Jenks, _The Bontoc Igorot_, 1904, p. 41. [557] _Op. cit._ p. 247. [558] Girard de Rialle, _Rev. d'Anthrop._, Jan. and April, 1885. These studies are based largely on the data supplied by M. Paul Ibis and earlier travellers in the island. Nothing better has since appeared except G. Taylor's valuable contributions to the _China Review_ (see below). The census of 1904 gave 2,860,574 Chinese, 51,770 Japanese and 104,334 aborigines. [559] Lit. "ripe barbarians" (_barbares murs_, Ibis). [560] See facsimiles of bilingual and other MSS. from Formosa in T. de Lacouperie's _Formosa Notes on MSS., Languages, and Races_, Hertford, 1887. The whole question is here fully discussed, though the author seems unable to arrive at any definite conclusion even as to the _bona_ or _mala fides_ of the noted impostor George Psalmanazar. [561] _Globus_, 70, p. 93 sq. [562] "Les Races Malaiques," etc., in _L'Anthropologie_, 1896.