Period . . . . . . Comma . -- . -- . -- Interrogation . . -- -- . . Hyphen or dash -- . . . . -- Parenthesis (before and after the words) -- . -- -- . -- Quotation mark (beginning and ending) . -- . . -- . Exclamation -- -- . . -- -- Apostrophe . -- -- -- . Semicolon -- . -- . -- . Colon -- -- -- . . . Bar indicating fraction -- . . -- . Underline (before and after the word or words it is wished to underline) . . -- -- . -- Double dash (between preamble and address, between address and body of message, between body of message and signature, and immediately before a fraction) -- . . . -- Cross . -- . -- . =Visual Signaling: in General.= =21.= Methods of visual signaling are divided as follows: (_a_) By flag, torch, hand lantern, or beam of searchlight (without shutter.) (General Service Code.) (_b_) By heliograph, flash lantern, or searchlight (with shutter.) (General Service Code.) (_c_) By Ardois. (General Service Code.) (_d_) By hand flags or by stationary semaphore. (Two-arm semaphore Code.) (_e_) By preconcerted signals with Coston lights, rockets, bombs, Very pistols, small arms, guns, etc. (_f_) By flag signals by permanent hoists. (International Code.) =22.= The following conventional signals, with exceptions noted, will be used in the first four classes. _Exceptions._ Ardois and semaphore.