To evacuate the bowels—injections of water, soap and water, or salt and water are always allowable, and may often be used with great benefit. They are usually administered without difficulty, in no case injurious, and should one fail to produce an evacuation, another or more may be repeated, until the result is accomplished. How to Feel the Pulse In the horse, this is best done by placing the finger on the artery, where it passes over the lower jaw, about four inches below its angle. Place the forefinger on the side of the lower jaw at its angle, and trace the jaw along gently towards the mouth. Some four inches below the angle a notch will be found, in which the artery passes over the jaw, and the throbbing of the pulse will be readily felt. Some attention may be required as the pulse beats in health slowly, and often apparently indistinctly. The pulse makes in the healthy horse from thirty-six to forty-two beats per minute; in spirited lighter horses the latter, and in heavy older horses the former. When the pulse reaches fifty to fifty-five, there is some degree of fever. Seventy-five will indicate a dangerous condition, and few horses will long survive a pulse of one hundred. Care should be taken not to excite an animal before or while examining the pulse, as it may thus readily be increased ten or fifteen beats to the minute, and mislead as to the true condition. In cattle the temple is the best place to feel the pulse and usually runs forty-five to fifty beats per minute. In sheep and hogs the femoral artery which extends across the inside of the thigh is most easily felt. This should run seventy to eighty for both sheep and hogs. In dogs the pulse may be felt by placing two fingers on the inner side of the knee. Dogs run from 90 to 100 per minute. The heart usually beats four or five times to each breath the animal takes (when in condition of rest). There is also a variation in normal temperature according to the animal as follows: ANIMAL NORMAL RESPIRATION NORMAL TEMPERATURE Horse 8 to 10 per minute 100.4 to 100.8 F Cattle 12 to 15 per minute 101.8 to 102 F Sheep, Goats 12 to 20 per minute 103.6 to 104.4 F Hogs 10 to 15 per minute 103.3 average F Dogs 15 to 20 per minute 100.9 to 101.7 F As this Veterinary Manual may fall into the hands of some who are not acquainted with its use, a few practical hints may be of service. =1st. Follow the directions.=—Read and learn what the disease or condition is.—Then give the remedy _in the doses_, and _at the intervals directed_, as near as may be. Don’t think you know more about the doses or _how much_ to give, or how often to give it, than the man who originated the system and wrote the book, and whose rules and observations are the result of very large experience.