Considerable assumption, however, underlay the pleasing simplicity of
the correlation on other grounds, consequent not so much upon any lack
of astronomic knowledge as, curiously, upon a dearth of knowledge of
ourselves. We know how other bodies look to us, but we ignore how we
look to them. It is not so easy to see ourselves as others see us; for
a far view may differ from a near one, and a matter of inclination
greatly alter the result. Owing both to distance and to tilt we lack
that practical acquaintance with the aspect of our own oceans viewed
from above, necessary to definite predication of their appearance
across interplanetary space. Our usual idea is that seas show dark, but
it is also quite evident that under some circumstances they appear the
contrary. It all depends upon the position of the observer and upon the
position of the Sun. Their usual ultramarine may become even as molten
brass from indirect reflection; while on direct mirroring, they give
back the Sun with such scarce perceptible purloining of splendor as to
present a dazzling sheen not to be gazed upon without regret. Canopied
by a welkin they assume its leaden hue, while at the same time, their
shores, less impressionable to borrowed lighting, show several tints
darker than themselves. Surfaces so sensitive to illumination hardly
admit of more accusable tint than a chameleon. Nevertheless, we are
probably justified in our conviction that perpendicularly visaged, they
would on the whole outdo in sombreness land round about them, and so be
evident as dusky patches against a brighter ground.
One phenomenon we might with some confidence look to see exhibited by
them were they oceans, and that is the reflected image of the Sun
visible as a burnished glare at a calculable point. Specular reflection
of the sort was early suggested in the case of Mars, and physical
ephemerides for the planet registered for many years the precise spot
where the starlike image should be sought. But it was never seen. Yet
not till the marine character of the Martian seas had been otherwise
disproved was the futile quest for it abandoned. Indeed, it was a tacit
recognition that our knowledge had advanced when this column in the
ephemeris was allowed to lapse.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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