Mayan NomenclatureBowditch, Charles P. (Charles Pickering)
History
Mayan Nomenclature
Bowditch, Charles P. (Charles Pickering)
Maya calendar
Book of Mani, paragraph 2, “Hun piztun oxlahun ahau,” which Brinton
translates “the first year of the thirteenth ahau.” I think the proper
translation to be “Tun 1 of Ahau 13,” meaning that 1 tun had passed of
Katun 13 Ahau.
Paragraph 9, “tu lahun tun uaxac ahau” is translated by Brinton, “and
it was the tenth year of the eighth ahau,” while it should be “in Tun
10 of Katun 8 Ahau.”
In the Book of Tizimin we find that in
Paragraph 1, “tu humpiztun ahoxlahunahau” is translated “to the first
year of the thirteenth ahau,” while it should be “to (or in) Tun 1 of
Katun 13 Ahau.”
Paragraph 11, “Cabil ahau; oxlahun tun” is translated “The second ahau;
on the thirteenth, etc.” It should be “on Katun 2 Ahau Tun 13, etc.”
Also in the second Book of Chumayel, we find in
Paragraph 2, “tu yoxpiztun ychil hun ahau,” which is translated “on the
third year in the first ahau,” when it should be “in Tun 3 of Katun 1
Ahau.”
Paragraph 3, “Tu uucpiztun uaxac ahau u katunil” is translated “in the
seventh year of the eight Ahau katun,” when it should be “in Tun 7 of
Katun 8 Ahau.”
Paragraph 8, “tu hunpiztun Buluc ahau. Laix u katunil” is translated
“in the first year of the eleventh ahau, it was also in this katun,”
when it should be “on Tun 1 of Katun 11 Ahau. In this Katun, etc.” Also
“tu uucpiztun Buluc ahau u katunil” is translated “in the seventh year
of the eleventh ahau katun,” when it should be “in Tun 7 of Katun 11
Ahau.”
These two katuns are evidently the same--one date being in Tun 1 and
the other in Tun 7 of the same katun--and yet Brinton translated the
first as being in the 11th katun and the other as being in the 11th
ahau katun.
Paragraph 9, “tu uacpiztun ychil ahBolon ahau katun lae.” is translated
“in the sixth year of the ninth ahau katun.” It should be “in Tun 6 of
Katun 9 Ahau.”
Although Brinton has almost always translated “tun” by “year,” it is
very evident from the above that the Mayas called the native division
of the katun “tun.”
It may further be noted that the word “kin” is used for day in the way
of numeration in the Book of Mani, paragraph 13, “9 Imix was the day
on which Ahpula died” and in paragraph 13 of the Book of Tizimin and
paragraph 7 of the first Book of Chumayel, the same statement is made.
May it not then be fairly assumed that the Mayas called the day or the
unit of their calendrical numeration “kin,” their 360-day period “tun,”
and the period of 20 tuns “katun,” as Dr. Seler has suggested?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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