Means and Ends of EducationSpalding, John Lancaster
Philosophy
Means and Ends of Education
Spalding, John Lancaster
Culture; Education
imperfectly, see but their knowledge, if so it may be called, and walk
in innocent unconsciousness of their infinite nescience. The narrower
the range of our mental vision, the greater the obstinacy with which we
cling to our opinions; and the half-educated, like the weak and the
incompetent, are often contentious, but whosoever is able to do his
work does it, and finds no time for dispute. He who possesses a
disciplined mind, and is familiar with the best thoughts that live in
the great literatures, will be the last to attach undue importance to
his own thinking. A sense of decency and a kind of holy shame will
keep him far from angry and unprofitable controversy; nor will he
mistake a crotchet for a panacea, nor imagine that irritation is
enlightenment. The blessings of a cultivated mind are akin to those of
religion. They are larger liberty, wider life, purer delights, and a
juster sense of the relative values of the means and ends which lie
within our reach. Knowledge, like religion, leads us away from what
appears to what is, from what passes to what remains, from what
flatters the senses to that which speaks to the soul. Wisdom and
religion converge, as love and knowledge meet in God; and to the wise
as to the religious man, no great evil can happen. Into prison they
both carry the sweet company of their thoughts, their faith and hope,
and are freer in chains than the great in palaces. In death they are
in the midst of life, for they see that what they know and love is
imperishable, nor subject even to atomic disintegration. He who lives
in the presence of truth yearns not for the company of men, but loves
retirement as a saint loves solitude; and in times like ours, when men
no longer choose the desert for a dwelling-place, the passionate desire
of intellectual excellence co-operates with religious faith to guard
them against dissipation and to lift them above the spirit of the age.
The thinker is never lonely, as he who lives with God is never unhappy.
Is not the love of excellence, which is the scholar's love, a part of
the love of goodness which makes the saint? And are not intellectual
delights akin to those religion brings? They are pure, they elevate,
they refine; time only increases their charm, and in the winter of age,
when the body is but the agent of pain, contemplation still remains
like the light of a higher world, to tinge with beauty the clouds that
gather around life's setting. How narrow and monotonous is sensation!
how wide and various is thought! They who live in the senses are
fettered and ill at ease; they who live in the soul are free and
joyful. And since the priest, unless he be a saint, must have, like
other men, some human joy, and since he dwells not in the sacred circle
of the love of wife and children, in which the multitudes find repose
and contentment, what solace, what refreshment, in the midst of cares
and labors, shall we offer him? If there be aught for him that is not
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