The two forms of the disease which have just been cited are in no way exaggerated and unfortunately they are of far too common occurrence. The first child received the infection directly in the harmless games at the party by coming in intimate contact with a child who was just coming down with measles at a time when, according to the researches of Anderson and Goldberger in the Hygienic Laboratory of the United States Public Health Service, the infecting virus is most active. Their work seems to show that the infection does not persist after the fever has gone away. While all of the severe cases may not be as grave as the one which was cited above, it must be admitted, nevertheless, that broncho-pneumonia is the great menace of measles. Fifty-odd years ago Gregory wrote "I am sure I speak much within bounds when I say that nine-tenths of the deaths by measles occur in consequence of pneumonia." Less frequently there are other complications, and the eyes, ears, the central nervous system, heart, and the skin may any one of them suffer. Sometimes there is gangrene at the corners of the mouth and this may result in death or horrible deformity. Measles, then, is a serious disease, sparing practically no exposed person who has not had it. In 1846 it attacked the Faroe Islands, and the record of that visitation is both remarkable and instructive. The island had been free from the disease for 65 years, when a Danish cabinetmaker returned from Copenhagen to Thorshavn with the disease. He infected two friends, and the epidemic increased by leaps and bounds, until within a very short time over 6,000 persons out of a population of 7,782 were attacked. Almost every house on the island became a hospital, and the only persons who passed through the visitation unscathed were old inhabitants who had had the disease as children 65 years before. Not a single old person who was not protected by a previous attack and who was exposed to the infection failed to contract the disease. This is one of the oldest ailments with which man has been afflicted. In fact the word "measles" traces its genealogy back through the German "masern" to the Sanskrit "masura," a word meaning "spots." The writings of the ancient Arabian physicians are replete with mention of this disease. The Italians, who evidently regarded it no more seriously than we do, called it "morbillo," which means "little sickness."