Mechanics of the Household: A Course of Study Devoted to Domestic Machinery and Household Mechanical AppliancesKeene, E. S. (Edward Spencer)
Science
Mechanics of the Household: A Course of Study Devoted to Domestic Machinery and Household Mechanical Appliances
Keene, E. S. (Edward Spencer)
Heating; Lighting; Plumbing
The second type is commonly known as the cartridge fuse plug from its
general appearance. This fuse is shown in Fig. 233. The fusable wire
is enclosed in a composition fiber tube, the ends of which are covered
by brass caps which afford contact pieces in the fuse receptacle and
to which are fastened the ends of the fuse wire. These fuses are very
generally employed in power circuits and others of large current
capacity. The small circle in the center of the label is the indicator.
When the fuse burns out, a black spot will appear in the circle. It
is sometimes desirable to use the cartridge fuse plug in receptacles
intended for the mica-covered type. The use of the cartridge fuses
under this condition is effected by use of a porcelain receptacle such
as is shown in Fig. 234; the cartridge fuse is simply inserted into the
receptacle which is then screwed into the socket in place of the mica
fuse.
In order to avoid any possible chance of overloading the wires of
a circuit, fuses are installed which are suited to the work to be
performed. Suppose that there are ten 40-watt lamps that may be used
on a circuit, each lamp of which requires 4/11 ampere of current.
110 × C = 40 watts
C = 40/110 = 4/11 ampere per lamp.
Ten such lamps require ten times 4/11 ampere or 40/11 = 3.7 amperes to
supply the lamps.
A fuse that will carry 3.7 amperes of current will supply the circuit
but a 5-ampere fuse will permit an increase in the size of the lamp and
will fulfill all the necessary conditions. If, however, an electric
heater requiring 7 amperes were attached to the circuit, the fuse being
intended for only 5 amperes would soon burn out. When a fuse burns out
it must be replaced either with an entirely new receptacle or the fuse
wire must be replaced.
It sometimes happens that in case of a blown fuse there is no extra
part at hand and a wire of much greater carrying capacity is used in
its place. It should be remembered that in this practice of “coppering”
a blown fuse, has taken away the protection against short-circuiting
with its possibility of mischief.
When a short occurs, the cause should be sought for. It cannot be
located and on being replaced a second fuse blows, the services of an
electrician should be secured.
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