Mechanics of the Household: A Course of Study Devoted to Domestic Machinery and Household Mechanical AppliancesKeene, E. S. (Edward Spencer)
Science
Mechanics of the Household: A Course of Study Devoted to Domestic Machinery and Household Mechanical Appliances
Keene, E. S. (Edward Spencer)
Heating; Lighting; Plumbing
Fig. 33 shows a complete hot-water plant adapted to a dwelling. It
is just such a plant as is commonly installed in the average-sized
house but without any of the appliances used for automatic control of
temperature. The regulation of the temperature is made entirely by
hand, in so governing the fire as to provide the required amount of
heat. In the drawing the supply and return pipes may be traced to the
radiators as in the case of the simple plant. The supply pipe from the
top of the boiler branches into two circuits to provide the water for
the two groups of radiators at the right and left side of the house.
To provide any radiator with hot water, a pipe is taken from the main
supply pipe and passing through the radiator it is brought back and
connected with the return pipe which conducts the water back to the
boiler.
[Illustration: FIG. 33.--The low-pressure hot-water heating system
applied to a small dwelling.]
The expansion tank is located in the bathroom near the ceiling. It is
connected with the circulating system by a single pipe which joins the
supply pipe as it enters the radiator located in the kitchen. Like the
expansion tank in Fig. 31 the water it contains is always cold. It is
provided with a gage-glass which shows the level of the water in the
tank and an overflow pipe which discharges into the bathtub, in case
of an overflow. An overflow pipe must always be provided to take care
of the surplus when the water in the system becomes overheated. This
does not often occur but the provision must be made for the emergency.
The overflow pipe is frequently connected directly with the sewer or
discharged at some convenient place in the basement.
=The High-pressure Hot-water System.=--In the hot-water plant described
the expansion tank is open to the air and the water in the system is
subjected to the pressure of the atmosphere alone. The heat of the
furnace may be sufficiently great to bring the entire volume of water
of the system to the boiling point and cause it to overflow but the
temperature of the water cannot rise much above the boiling point due
to the pressure of the atmosphere.
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