This book inevitably suffered a prolonged interruption owing to the War. That there was not a complete cessation at once I owe to my Father, who most ungrudgingly devoted valuable time to making transcriptions from needed authorities in the British Museum, at a time when other duties debarred me from access to books. My friend and former colleague, Mr. W. Garmon Jones, Dean of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Liverpool, gave me the benefit of his ripe scholarship and fine judgment in reading through the greater part of the work in manuscript, though I need hardly say that any errors in statement or opinion are to be attributed to me alone. I have to thank the Rev. T. Shankland of this College for generously undertaking the thankless task of reading the proofs, and my Wife for the compilation of the Index and for other help besides. A. S. TURBERVILLE. BANGOR, _April_, 1920. CONTENTS PAGE PREFACE v PART I HERESY CHAP. I. ORIGINS OF MEDIÆVAL HERESY 1 II. WALDENSES AND CATHARI 14 III. ‘THE EVERLASTING GOSPEL’ 34 IV. AVERRHOÏST INFLUENCES 55 V. REFORM MOVEMENTS OF THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY AND THE COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE 77 VI. THE MAGIC ARTS 105 PART II THE INQUISITION I. ATTITUDE OF THE CHURCH TOWARDS HERESY PRIOR TO THE INSTITUTION OF THE INQUISITION 123 II. THE BEGINNINGS OF THE INQUISITION 140 III. THE SPREAD OF THE INQUISITION THROUGH EUROPE 159 IV. THE COMPOSITION AND PROCEDURE OF THE TRIBUNAL 178 V. INQUISITORIAL PENALTIES 206 VI. CONCLUSION 229 NOTE ON AUTHORITIES 244 INDEX 255 MEDIÆVAL HERESY AND THE INQUISITION PART I HERESY CHAPTER I ORIGINS OF MEDIÆVAL HERESY