The list is not, unfortunately, complete; nor can all the wards be identified. But it is most valuable for what it does contain. A facsimile is published in J. E. Price’s _Guildhall_. Thus, the first ward is “Warda Episcopi,” the Bishop’s Ward, Cornhill. Then we have _Warda Haco_, _i.e._ of St. Nicholas of Acon, in Lombard Street; _Warda Alwold_ (Cripplegate); _Warda Fori_—of the Market-place—Chepe; _Warda Ralph, son of Algod_; _Warda Osbert Dringepinne_; _Warda Hugh, son of Ulgar_; _Warda Brocesgange_; _Warda Liured_; _Warda Reimund_; _Warda Herbert_; _Warda Edward, son of Wizel_; _Warda Sperling_; _Warda Brichmar the Moneyer_; _Warda Brichmar the Cottager_; _Warda Godwin, son of Esgar_; _Warda Alegate_; _Warda Rolf, son of Liviva_; _Warda Algar Manningestepsunne_; _Warda Edward Parole_.[5] There are twenty wards in all. It will be observed that they are all named after single persons except the Ward of the Market Place and the Ward of Alegate. These single persons were the proprietors, the barons, the owners of the land; the wards were the private manors into which the City was divided. (See Appendix I.) It is impossible to say how many wards there were in the whole City. The owners were barons of right, a rank which afterwards descended to their successors, the elected Aldermen. The first governing body of London consisted of the owners of these estates, to whom were added the more important merchants. In the changes and chances of fortune, the estates changed hands; families died out and were replaced; we find, in the fourteenth century, for instance, that all the old families, whose names we know, had by that time disappeared, left the City, or become merged in the general population. But the manors themselves seem to have remained for the most part unbroken. It is difficult even at the present day to cut up a manor. The Lord of the Manor, called the Alderman, formed part of the ruling body by virtue of possession. In other words, the government of London, despite the survival of the Folk Mote, was a territorial aristocracy. In the _Liber Albus_ (p. 30), Carpenter calls attention to the fact that although in his day—the beginning of the fifteenth century—the wards were known by their own names, they had formerly borne the names of their Aldermen. Thus, he says that the Ward of Candelwyk Street was formerly the Ward of Thomas Basyng; the Ward of Castle Baynard was the Ward of Simon Hadestok; Tower Ward was the Ward of Henry le Frowyk; Vintry Ward was the Ward of Henry le Covyntre; Farringdon Ward Without was the Ward of Anketill de Auvern. So also, as W. J. Loftie points out, the Ward of the Bridge was at one time that of John Horn; the Cordwainers’ Ward was that of Henry le Waleys; Langbourne Ward that of Nicolas de Winton; Aldgate that of John of Northampton; Walbrook of John Adrian; Broad Street of William Bukerel; Aldersgate of Wolman de Essex; Bread Street of William de Denham.